ABSTRACT

Due to the recent coronavirus-2019 pandemic, several studies have emerged looking for new materials, especially with biocidal characteristics. Thus, the present research investigates the antibacterial properties of biodegradable cellulose acetate (CA) / cetylpyridinium bromide (CPB) electrospun nanofibers, their aerosol filtration, and the possible use as a filter media of surgical face masks. Then, samples of these nanofibers were produced over a nonwoven substrate, using different volumes of polymeric solution during the electrospinning process. The evaluation of the antibacterial properties of the nanofibers was performed for Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus using quantitative methods. The aerosol filtration performance was evaluated in these samples for NaCl nanoparticles (from 7-300 nm) and with 8 mL min⁻¹ of air flow rate. The results show that the single use of the surfactant has antibacterial properties from a concentration of 39 µg mL⁻¹ of solution. The nanofibers presented a reduction of 100% for both bacteria. Air filtration tests showed 126.03 and 207.73 Pa cm⁻² of pressure drops and 63 and 77% of aerosol filtration efficiency (FE) for samples with 0.13 and 0.15 mL, respectively. Regarding the nanofiber produced with 0.35 mL, the value obtained was 115.13 ± 33.64 Pa cm⁻² and 3.15% of particle penetration. These breathability values are higher than those required for the surgical face mask standard, indicating that improvements in the porosity and thickness are necessary to meet the Brazilian requirements. However, the nanofibers could be applied as filter media for indoor air conditioning systems due to their FE and biocidal properties.

摘要

由于最近的 2019 年冠状病毒大流行，出现了几项寻找新材料的研究，尤其是具有生物杀灭特性的材料。因此，本研究调查了可生物降解的醋酸纤维素 (CA) / 十六烷基溴化吡啶 (CPB) 电纺纳米纤维的抗菌性能、它们的气溶胶过滤，以及作为外科口罩过滤介质的可能用途。然后，在静电纺丝过程中使用不同体积的聚合物溶液，在无纺布基材上生产这些纳米纤维的样品。对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌进行了纳米纤维抗菌性能的评价使用定量方法。^{在这些样品中针对 NaCl 纳米颗粒（7-300 nm）和 8 mL min -1}的空气流速评估了气溶胶过滤性能。结果表明，从浓度为 39 µg mL ^-1的溶液开始，单次使用表面活性剂就具有抗菌性能。纳米纤维对两种细菌都减少了 100%。空气过滤测试显示，对于 0.13 毫升和 0.15 毫升的样品，压降分别为 126.03和 207.73 Pa cm ^{- ²，气溶胶过滤效率 (FE) 分别为 63% 和 77%。}对于用 0.35 mL 生产的纳米纤维，获得的值为 115.13 ± 33.64 Pa cm ^-2和 3.15% 的粒子渗透。这些透气性值高于外科口罩标准要求的值，表明必须提高孔隙率和厚度才能满足巴西的要求。然而，由于纳米纤维的 FE 和杀菌特性，它们可以用作室内空调系统的过滤介质。