Halide perovskites are a compelling candidate for the next generation of clean-energy-harvesting technologies owing to their low cost, facile fabrication and outstanding semiconductor properties. However, photovoltaic device efficiencies are still below practical limits and long-term stability challenges hinder their practical application. Current evidence suggests that strain in halide perovskites is a key factor in dictating device efficiency and stability. Here we outline the fundamentals of strain within halide perovskites relevant to photovoltaic applications and rationalize approaches to characterize the phenomenon. We examine recent breakthroughs in eliminating the adverse impacts of strain, enhancing both device efficiencies and operational stabilities. Finally, we discuss further challenges and outline future research directions for placing stress and strain studies at the forefront of halide perovskite research. An extensive understanding of strain in halide perovskites is needed, which would allow effective strain management and drive further enhancements in efficiencies and stabilities of perovskite photovoltaics.

卤化物钙钛矿因其低成本、易于制造和出色的半导体性能而成为下一代清洁能源收集技术的有力候选者。然而，光伏器件的效率仍然低于实际限制，长期稳定性挑战阻碍了它们的实际应用。目前的证据表明，卤化物钙钛矿中的应变是决定器件效率和稳定性的关键因素。在这里，我们概述了与光伏应用相关的卤化物钙钛矿内应变的基本原理，并合理化了表征该现象的方法。我们研究了最近在消除应变的不利影响、提高设备效率和操作稳定性方面的突破。最后，我们讨论了进一步的挑战，并概述了将应力和应变研究置于卤化物钙钛矿研究前沿的未来研究方向。需要对卤化物钙钛矿中的应变有广泛的了解，这将允许有效的应变管理并进一步提高钙钛矿光伏电池的效率和稳定性。