Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has attracted tremendous attention due to its advantages such as high safety and effectiveness compared to traditional radiotherapy and chemotherapy. However, the intratumoral hypoxic microenvironment will inevitably compromise the PDT effect of the highly oxygen-dependent type II photosensitizers, implicating the urgent demand for continuous intratumoral oxygenation. Herein, biocompatible photosynthetic cyanobacteria have been modified with inorganic two-dimensional black phosphorus nanosheets (BPNSs) to be a novel bioreactor termed as Cyan@BPNSs. Upon 660 nm laser irradiation, the photosynthetic cyanobacteria generate oxygen continuously in situ through photosynthesis, followed by the photosensitization of BPNSs for activating oxygen into singlet oxygen (¹O₂), resulting in a large amount of ¹O₂ accumulation at the tumor site and the consequent strong tumor cell killing effect both in vitro and in vivo. This work provides an attractive strategy for efficient and biocompatible PDT, meanwhile extends the scope of microbiotic nanomedicine by hybridizing microorganisms with inorganic nanophotosensitizer.

中文翻译：

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用于增强肿瘤光动力疗法的光合蓝藻杂交黑磷纳米片

光动力疗法（PDT）由于与传统放疗和化疗相比具有安全性和有效性高等优点而备受关注。然而，瘤内缺氧微环境不可避免地会损害高度依赖氧的 II 型光敏剂的 PDT 效果，这意味着对连续瘤内氧合的迫切需求。在此，生物相容性光合蓝藻已被无机二维黑磷纳米片（BPNSs）修饰为一种新型生物反应器，称为 Cyan@BPNSs。在 660 nm 激光照射下，光合蓝藻通过光合作用连续原位产生氧气，然后 BPNSs 光敏化将氧气活化为单线态氧 ( ¹ O ₂)，导致肿瘤部位大量¹ O ₂积累，从而在体外和体内产生强烈的肿瘤细胞杀伤作用。这项工作为高效和生物相容性 PDT 提供了一种有吸引力的策略，同时通过将微生物与无机纳米光敏剂杂交，扩展了微生物纳米医学的范围。