ABSTRACT

Charcoal production from woody species from fast-growth plantations has gained importance in a variety of uses. The objective of the present work is to determine the density, compression resistance, moisture content (MC), gross calorific value (GCV), ash and volatile content, chemical modification by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectrum and thermogravimetric degradation of charcoal produced by pyrolysis at 450°C from sixteen tropical woods from fast-growth plantations in Costa Rica. The results showed values of MC of 2.65–7.72%, density of 0.15–0.39 g/cm³, compression strength of 19.07–82.92 kg/cm², ash content of 0.26–7.98%, GCV of 32.10–24.29 MJ/kg, volatile matter of 22.45–33.34%, fixed carbon of 60.36–68.91%, carbon of 78.51–69.43%, hydrogen of 4.15–3.55%, oxygen of 17.25–26.56%, O/C ratio of 0.17–0.29 and H/C ratio of 0.56–0.64. FTIR spectrum evidenced the presence of OH, CH2, C = O, C-O-C groups, common in pyrolyzed biomass. TGA analysis showed two types of behavior, which differ in that one group presents two peaks between 200°C and 800°C. The multivariate analysis by principal components (PC) applied to charcoal characteristics measured in sixteen species showed that the variations of these characteristics can be explained up to 99% and four groups were established.

摘要

来自快速生长种植园的木本植物的木炭生产在各种用途中变得越来越重要。本工作的目的是确定木炭的密度、抗压性、水分含量 (MC)、总热值 (GCV)、灰分和挥发物含量、傅立叶变换红外光谱 (FTIR) 光谱的化学改性和木炭的热重降解由来自哥斯达黎加速生种植园的 16 种热带木材在 450°C 下热解而成。结果显示 MC 值为 2.65–7.72%，密度为 0.15–0.39 g/cm ³，抗压强度为 19.07–82.92 kg/cm ², 灰分 0.26-7.98%, GCV 32.10-24.29 MJ/kg, 挥发分 22.45-33.34%, 固定碳 60.36-68.91%, 碳 78.51-69.43%, 氢 4.15-3.55%, 氧17.25–26.56%，O/C 比为 0.17–0.29，H/C 比为 0.56–0.64。FTIR 光谱证明存在热解生物质中常见的 OH、CH2、C = O、COC 基团。TGA 分析显示两种类型的行为，不同之处在于一组在 200°C 和 800°C 之间呈现两个峰。应用于 16 个物种测量的木炭特性的主成分 (PC) 多变量分析表明，这些特性的变化可以解释高达 99%，并建立了四个组。