This tutorial provides a comprehensive description of the origin of chiroptical properties of supramolecular and plasmonic assemblies in the UV–visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum. The photophysical concepts essential for understanding chiroptical signatures are presented in the first section. Just as the oscillator strength (a positive quantity) is related to absorption, the rotational strength (either a positive or a negative quantity) defines the emergence of chiroptical signatures in molecular/plasmonic systems. In supramolecular systems, induced circular dichroism (ICD) originates through the off-resonance coupling of transition dipoles in chiral inclusion complexes, while exciton coupled circular dichroism (ECD) originates through the on-resonance exciton coupling of transition dipoles in chiral assemblies resulting in the formation of a bisignated CD signal. In bisignated ECD spectra, the sign of the couplet is determined not only by the handedness of chiral supramolecular assemblies, but also by the sign of the interaction energy between transition dipoles. Plasmonic chirality is briefly addressed in the last section, focusing on inherent chirality, induced chirality, and surface plasmon-coupled circular dichroism (SP-CD). The oscillator strength is of the order of 1 in molecular systems, while it becomes very large (10⁴–10⁵) in plasmonic systems due to the collective plasmonic excitations, resulting in intense CD signals, which can be exploited for the design of plasmonic metamaterial platforms for chiral sensing applications.

中文翻译：

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超分子和等离子体组装中的新兴手性光学特性

本教程全面描述了超分子和等离子体组件在电磁光谱的紫外可见区域的手性光学特性的起源。第一部分介绍了理解手性特征所必需的光物理概念。正如振荡器强度（正量）与吸收有关，旋转强度（正量或负量）定义了分子/等离子体系统中手性特征的出现。在超分子系统中，诱导圆二色性 (ICD) 起源于手性包合物中跃迁偶极子的非共振耦合，而激子耦合圆二色性 (ECD) 起源于手性组件中跃迁偶极子的共振激子耦合，导致双信号 CD 信号的形成。在双符号 ECD 光谱中，联的符号不仅取决于手性超分子组装的手性，还取决于跃迁偶极子之间的相互作用能的符号。最后一节简要介绍了等离子体手性，重点介绍了固有手性、诱导手性和表面等离子体耦合圆二色性 (SP-CD)。分子系统中的振荡器强度约为 1，而它变得非常大（10 但也由跃迁偶极子之间的相互作用能的符号。最后一节简要介绍了等离子体手性，重点介绍了固有手性、诱导手性和表面等离子体耦合圆二色性 (SP-CD)。分子系统中的振荡器强度约为 1，而它变得非常大（10 但也由跃迁偶极子之间的相互作用能的符号。最后一节简要介绍了等离子体手性，重点介绍了固有手性、诱导手性和表面等离子体耦合圆二色性 (SP-CD)。分子系统中的振荡器强度约为 1，而它变得非常大（10^{4 –} 10 ⁵ ) 在等离子体系统中，由于集体等离子体激发，导致强烈的 CD 信号，可用于设计用于手性传感应用的等离子体超材料平台。