Background: Maternal fasting blood sugar (FBS) variations within normal range and lower than that in diabetes mellitus (DM) may be associated with adverse feto-maternal outcomes.
Objective: To find out if a rise of maternal FBS level above 80 but still below 120 mg/dL (group 2) has an influence on feto-maternal outcomes compared with a maternal FBS below 80 mg/dL (group 1).
Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study. FBS was measured at the booking visit. Subjects whose FBS was measured before 20 weeks were categorized according to their FBS (> 80 mg/dL or ≤ 80 mg/dL) and correlation between FBS levels in the two groups with several parameters were tested.
Results: Group 1 (130 healthy pregnant women) and group 2 (88 healthy pregnant women) did not show a statistical difference in age or BMI. More statistically significant cases were diagnosed with GDM in group 2 than in group 1 (39.8% vs 16.9%, P value 0.000). More cases that needed pharmacological intervention in the form of metformin or insulin or both were seen in group 2 than in group 1 (p value 0.007 and 0.061, respectively). More but not statistically significant polyhydramnios was seen more in group 2 than in group 1 (9.1% vs 3.1%, p value 0.056). There was no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups in relation to all other fetomaternal outcome parameters that were studied.
Conclusion: Raised maternal fasting blood glucose level (80– 120 mg/dL) in healthy primigravid women in early pregnancy was associated with significant diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus and need for pharmacological intervention. An association was found with polyhydramnios but this was not statistically significant. No influence was found on preterm birth, fetal weight, mode of delivery or APGAR score. More attention should be given to FBS levels early in pregnancy to reduce the risk for later complications.



中文翻译：

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非糖尿病妇女的早期妊娠血糖水平和妊娠结局：一项回顾性横断面研究

背景：在正常范围内且低于糖尿病 (DM) 的孕妇空腹血糖 (FBS) 变化可能与胎儿母体不良结局相关。
目的：与母体 FBS 低于 80 mg/dL（第 1 组）相比，了解母体 FBS 水平升高至 80 以上但仍低于 120 mg/dL（第 2 组）是否对母胎结局有影响。
方法：回顾性横断面研究。FBS 在预约访问时测量。将在 20 周之前测量 FBS 的受试者根据其 FBS（> 80 mg/dL 或≤ 80 mg/dL）进行分类，并测试两组 FBS 水平与几个参数之间的相关性。
结果：第 1 组（130 名健康孕妇）和第 2 组（88 名健康孕妇）在年龄或 BMI 方面没有显示出统计学差异。第 2 组比第 1 组诊断出更多具有统计学意义的 GDM 病例（39.8% vs 16.9%，P 值 0.000）。与第 1 组相比，第 2 组需要以二甲双胍或胰岛素或两者的形式进行药物干预的病例更多（p 值分别为 0.007 和 0.061）。与第 1 组相比，第 2 组出现更多但无统计学意义的羊水过多（9.1% 对 3.1%，p 值 0.056）。在研究的所有其他母胎结局参数方面，两组之间没有统计学上的显着差异。
结论：妊娠早期健康初产妇的孕妇空腹血糖水平升高（80-120 mg/dL）与妊娠期糖尿病的显着诊断和药物干预的需要相关。发现与羊水过多有关，但这没有统计学意义。未发现对早产、胎儿体重、分娩方式或 APGAR 评分的影响。应更加注意妊娠早期的 FBS 水平，以降低后期并发症的风险。