Grapevine phenology and total soluble solids (TSS) accumulation are important information to plan agricultural operation in the vineyards over the season. The study aims at identifying the main environmental factors and related high spatial auxiliary information that could be used to define within-field zones of phenology and TSS accumulation. An experiment was carried out in the Maule Valley, Chile, considering two representative vineyards with different environmental characteristics: vineyard 1 (cv. Cabernet Sauvignon) which presents differences in elevation and vineyard 2 (cv. Chardonnay) which is considered flat. Within each vineyard, a regular sampling grid was defined to perform measurements: phenology, TSS accumulation, plant water status, vegetative expression, yield, soil physical properties and soil apparent electrical conductivity. Observations were made during four and two years respectively for vineyard 1 and 2. The analysis of the results is based on principal component analysis (PCA) to identify the relationships between variables. Results show that factors affecting the spatial variability of phenology and TSS accumulation are different for each vineyard. For vineyard 1, topography is the main factor that affects the spatial variability both in phenology and TSS accumulation. For vineyard 2, the soil apparent electrical conductivity was the most important factor explaining the spatial variability observed in the phenology, while balance between vegetative expression and fruit load affected the TSS accumulation. These results highlight the possibility to define zones of differentiated management in relation to the phenology and TSS accumulation using auxiliary information easy to acquire or available with high spatial resolution.

葡萄物候和总可溶性固形物 (TSS) 积累是规划整个季节葡萄园农业经营的重要信息。该研究旨在确定可用于定义物候和 TSS 积累的田间区域的主要环境因素和相关的高空间辅助信息。在智利 Maule 山谷进行了一项实验，考虑了两个具有不同环境特征的代表性葡萄园：葡萄园 1（品种赤霞珠）和葡萄园 2（品种霞多丽），其海拔差异较大，葡萄园 2（品种霞多丽）被认为是平坦的。在每个葡萄园内，定义了一个定期采样网格来执行测量：物候、TSS 积累、植物水分状况、营养表达、产量、土壤物理特性和土壤表观电导率。对葡萄园 1 和 2 分别进行了四年和两年的观察。结果分析基于主成分分析 (PCA)，以确定变量之间的关系。结果表明，影响物候空间变异性和TSS积累的因素对于每个葡萄园都是不同的。对于葡萄园 1，地形是影响物候和 TSS 积累空间变异性的主要因素。对于葡萄园 2，土壤表观电导率是解释物候学中观察到的空间变异性的最重要因素，而营养表达和果实负载之间的平衡影响 TSS 积累。