Chronic diseases are diseases that last one year or more and require a continuous medical care and monitoring. Based on this point, a dataset from an APP called Flaredown helps patients of chronic disease improve their symptoms and conditions. In this study, an illness severity-level model was proposed to give the patient an alert to his or her health condition into three different levels according to their severity. Personal information, treatment conditions, and dietary conditions were analyzed by a statistical measure, TD-IDF. Seven different machine learning models were used and compared to generate the illness severity-level model. The results revealed that the XGBoost model with a score of 0.85 and LightGBM model with a score of 0.84 have the best performance. We also applied feature selection and parameter tuning for these two models to attain better performance, and the final best scores achieved by the XGBoost model and LightGBM model were both 0.85. Sensitivity analysis has shown that the treatment feature and symptom feature have important effects on the classification of the illness severity-level. Based on this, a fusion model was designed to study the data and the final accuracy of the fusion model was 93.3%. Thus, this study provides an effective illness severity-level model for a reference and guidance for the management of high-risk groups of chronic diseases. Patients may use this illness severity-level model to self-monitor their illness conditions and take proactive steps to avoid deterioration of their illness and take further medical care.

中文翻译：

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基于机器学习方法的慢性病严重程度估计

慢性病是持续一年或更长时间并需要持续医疗护理和监测的疾病。基于这一点，来自一个名为 Flaredown 的 APP 数据集可以帮助慢性病患者改善他们的症状和状况。在这项研究中，提出了一种疾病严重程度级别模型，根据严重程度将患者的健康状况分为三个不同的级别。个人信息、治疗条件和饮食条件通过统计测量 TD-IDF 进行分析。使用并比较了七种不同的机器学习模型，以生成疾病严重程度级别的模型。结果显示，得分为 0.85的 XGBoost 模型和得分为 0.85 的 LightGBM 模型0.84的得分有最好的表现。我们还对这两个模型应用了特征选择和参数调整以获得更好的性能，以及最终最好的XGBoost 模型和 LightGBM 模型的得分均为 0.85。敏感性分析表明，治疗特征和症状特征对疾病严重程度的分类有重要影响。在此基础上设计了融合模型对数据进行研究，最终融合模型的准确率为93.3%。因此，本研究为慢性病高危人群的管理提供了一个有效的疾病严重程度模型，以供参考和指导。患者可以使用这种疾病严重程度模型来自我监测他们的病情，并采取积极措施避免病情恶化并采取进一步的医疗护理。