The anatomical structure of the brain at the blood–brain barrier (BBB) creates a limitation for the movement of drugs into the central nervous system (CNS). Drug delivery facilitated by magneto-electric nanoparticles (MENs) is a relatively new non-invasive approach for the delivery of drugs into the CNS. These nanoparticles (NPs) can create localized transient changes in the permeability of the cells of the BBB by inducing electroporation. MENs can be applied to deliver antiretrovirals and antibiotics towards the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) infections in the CNS. This review focuses on the drug permeation challenges and reviews the application of MENs for drug delivery for these diseases. We conclude that MENs are promising systems for effective CNS drug delivery and treatment for these diseases, however, further pre-clinical and clinical studies are required to achieve translation of this approach to the clinic.

中文翻译：

---

神经结核和HIV治疗药物的渗透挑战及磁电纳米颗粒给药系统的应用

血脑屏障 (BBB) 处的大脑解剖结构限制了药物进入中枢神经系统 (CNS) 的运动。磁电纳米粒子（MEN）促进的药物输送是将药物输送到中枢神经系统的一种相对较新的非侵入性方法。这些纳米颗粒 (NP) 可以通过诱导电穿孔，使 BBB 细胞的渗透性产生局部瞬时变化。MEN 可用于提供抗逆转录病毒药物和抗生素，以治疗中枢神经系统中的人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 和结核病 (TB) 感染。本综述重点关注药物渗透挑战，并回顾了 MEN 在这些疾病的药物输送中的应用。我们的结论是，MEN 是有效中枢神经系统药物输送和治疗这些疾病的有前景的系统，然而，需要进一步的临床前和临床研究来实现这种方法到临床的转化。