Antibiotic resistance of the indicator microorganism Escherichia coli was investigated in isolates from samples collected during the course of one year from two wastewater treatment plants treating municipal and animal wastes in Slovakia, respectively. The genes of antibiotic resistance and virulence factors in selected resistant E. coli isolates were described. A high percentage of the isolates from municipal and animal wastewater were resistant to ampicillin, streptomycin, tetracycline, ceftiofur, ceftriaxone, and enrofloxacin. In the selected E. coli isolates, we detected the following phenotypes: ESBL (20.4% in animal wastewater; 7.7% in municipal wastewater), multidrug-resistant (17% of animal and 32% of municipal isolates), high resistance to quinolones (25% of animal and 48% of municipal samples), and CTX-M (7.9% of animal and 17.3% of municipal isolates). We confirmed an integro-mediated antibiotic resistance in 13 E. coli strains from municipal and animal wastewater samples, of which the Tn3 gene and virulence genes cvaC, iutA, iss, ibeA, kps, and papC were detected in six isolates. One of the strains of pathogenic E. coli from the animal wastewater contained genes ibeA with papC, iss, kpsII, Int1, Tn3, and Cit. In addition, one bla_IMP gene was found in the municipal wastewater sample. This emphasises the importance of using the appropriate treatment methods to reduce the counts of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms in wastewater effluent.

中文翻译：

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城市和动物废水中大肠杆菌的抗生素耐药性和毒力的新见解

对指示微生物大肠埃希菌的抗生素抗性进行了研究，这些分离物是在一年期间从斯洛伐克的两个污水处理厂收集的样本中分离出来的，这些污水处理厂分别处理城市和动物废物。描述了选定的抗性大肠杆菌分离株中抗生素抗性和毒力因子的基因。从市政和动物废水中分离出的大部分菌株对氨苄青霉素、链霉素、四环素、头孢噻呋、头孢曲松和恩诺沙星具有抗性。在选定的大肠杆菌中分离株，我们检测到以下表型：ESBL（动物废水中 20.4%；城市废水中 7.7%）、多重耐药（动物的 17% 和市政分离的 32%）、喹诺酮类的高耐药性（动物的 25% 和 48 % 的市政样本）和 CTX-M（7.9% 的动物和 17.3% 的市政分离株）。我们在来自市政和动物废水样本的13株大肠杆菌中证实了整合介导的抗生素耐药性，其中在六个分离株中检测到Tn3基因和毒力基因cvaC、iutA、iss、ibeA、kps和papC。致病性大肠杆菌菌株之一来自动物废水的基因ibeA和papC、iss、kpsII、Int1、Tn3和Cit。此外，在城市废水样本中发现了一个 bla _IMP基因。这强调了使用适当的处理方法来减少废水中抗生素抗性微生物数量的重要性。