Studies have highlighted the increasing fraction of unidentified organofluorine (UOF) compounds in human blood, whose health effects are not known. In this study, 130 whole blood samples from the Swedish general population were analyzed for extractable organofluorine (EOF) and selected per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Organofluorine mass balance analysis revealed that 60% (0–99%) of the EOF in female samples could not be explained by the 63 monitored PFAS; in males, 41% (0–93%) of the EOF was of unidentified origin. Significant differences between both age groups and gender were seen, with the highest fraction of UOF in young females (70% UOF, aged 18–44), which is contrary to what has been reported in the literature for commonly monitored compounds (e.g., perfluorooctane sulfonic acid, PFOS). Increasing the number of monitored PFAS did not lead to a large decrease of the UOF fraction; the seven highest PFAS (C8–C11 PFCAs, C6–C8 PFSAs) accounted for 98% of sum 63 PFAS. The high fraction of UOF in human samples is of concern, as the chemical species of these organofluorine compounds remain unknown and thus their potential health risks cannot be assessed.

中文翻译：

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与性别和年龄相关的全血样品的有机氟质量平衡分析

研究强调了人类血液中不明有机氟 (UOF) 化合物的比例越来越高，其健康影响尚不清楚。在这项研究中，对来自瑞典普通人群的 130 份全血样本进行了可提取有机氟 (EOF) 和选定的全氟和多氟烷基物质 (PFAS) 的分析。有机氟质量平衡分析显示，女性样本中 60%（0-99%）的 EOF 无法用 63 种受监测的 PFAS 解释；在男性中，41% (0–93%) 的 EOF 来源不明。观察到年龄组和性别之间的显着差异，年轻女性中 UOF 的比例最高（70% UOF，18-44 岁），这与文献中报道的常用监测化合物（例如全氟辛烷磺酸，全氟辛烷磺酸）。增加受监测的 PFAS 数量并没有导致 UOF 比例大幅下降；七种最高的 PFAS（C8-C11 PFCA、C6-C8 PFSA）占总 63 PFAS 的 98%。人体样本中 UOF 的高比例令人担忧，因为这些有机氟化合物的化学种类仍然未知，因此无法评估它们的潜在健康风险。