Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS), characterized by chronic pain in the perineum or lower abdomen regions, is a frequent disorder in men. Previous studies demonstrated that the immune mediators, including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, and immunoglobulins, are elevated in the expressed prostate secretions and seminal fluid of CP/CPPS men. The memory T, T helper 1 (Th1), Th17, and Th22 cells increase in the peripheral blood of CP/CPPS men. Additionally, prostate antigens specific-autoreactive T cells are identified in CP/CPPS patients. After generally reviewing and comparing the inflammatory responses in autoimmune diseases and CP/CPPS, we presumed that CP/CPPS is more likely to be defined as an autoimmune disease. Thus, a better understanding of autoimmune diseases would contribute to a deeper understanding of the CP/CPPS and provide new inspirations for the treatment of this disease.

慢性前列腺炎/慢性盆腔疼痛综合征 (CP/CPPS) 以会阴或下腹部区域的慢性疼痛为特征，是男性常见的疾病。先前的研究表明，CP/CPPS 男性表达的前列腺分泌物和精液中的免疫介质，包括白细胞介素 (IL)-1β、IL-6、干扰素-γ、肿瘤坏死因子-α 和免疫球蛋白升高。CP/CPPS 男性外周血中的记忆 T、T 辅助 1 (Th1)、Th17 和 Th22 细胞增加。此外，在 CP/CPPS 患者中发现了前列腺抗原特异性自身反应性 T 细胞。在对自身免疫性疾病和 CP/CPPS 的炎症反应进行总体回顾和比较后，我们推测 CP/CPPS 更有可能被定义为自身免疫性疾病。因此，