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Effect of context on the instrumental reinforcer devaluation effect produced by taste-aversion learning.
Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Learning and Cognition ( IF 1.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-13 , DOI: 10.1037/xan0000295 Mark E Bouton 1 , Sean M Allan 1 , Armin Tavakkoli 1 , Michael R Steinfeld 1 , Eric A Thrailkill 1
Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Learning and Cognition ( IF 1.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-13 , DOI: 10.1037/xan0000295 Mark E Bouton 1 , Sean M Allan 1 , Armin Tavakkoli 1 , Michael R Steinfeld 1 , Eric A Thrailkill 1
Affiliation
Four experiments manipulated the context in which taste-aversion conditioning occurred when the reinforcer was devalued after instrumental learning. In all experiments, rats learned to lever press in an operant conditioning chamber and then had an aversion to the food-pellet reinforcer conditioned by pairing it with lithium chloride (LiCl) in either that context or a different context. Lever pressing was then tested in extinction to assess its status as a goal-directed action. In Experiment 1, aversion conditioning in the operant conditioning chamber suppressed lever-pressing during the test, but aversion conditioning in the home cage did not. Exposure to the averted pellet in the operant conditioning chamber after conditioning in the home cage did not change this effect (Experiment 2). The same pattern was observed when the different context was a second operant-style chamber (counterbalanced), exposure to the contexts was controlled, and pellets were presented in them in the same manner (Experiment 3). The greater effect of aversion conditioning in the instrumental context was not merely due to potentiated contextual conditioning (Experiment 4). Importantly, consumption tests revealed that the aversion conditioned in the different context had transferred to the test context. Thus, when reinforcer devaluation occurred in a different context, the rats lever pressed in extinction for a reinforcer they would otherwise reject. The results suggest that animals encode contextual information about the reinforcer during instrumental learning and suggest caution in making inferences about action versus habit learning when the reinforcer is devalued in a different context. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
中文翻译:
情境对味觉厌恶学习产生的工具性强化物贬值效应的影响。
四个实验操纵了在工具学习后强化物贬值时发生味觉厌恶调节的环境。在所有实验中,大鼠学会了在操作性调节室中使用杠杆按压,然后厌恶食物颗粒增强剂,通过在这种情况下或不同情况下将其与氯化锂 (LiCl) 配对来调节。然后在消退中对杠杆按压进行测试,以评估其作为目标导向动作的状态。在实验 1 中,操作性调节室中的厌恶调节在测试期间抑制了杠杆按压,但家庭笼中的厌恶调节没有。在家庭笼子中调理后,暴露于操作性调理室中的避免颗粒不会改变这种效果(实验 2)。当不同的环境是第二个操作式腔室(平衡)时,观察到相同的模式,控制环境的暴露,并以相同的方式在其中呈现颗粒(实验 3)。在工具语境中厌恶调节的更大影响不仅仅是由于强化的语境调节(实验 4)。重要的是,消费测试表明,在不同环境中的厌恶已经转移到测试环境中。因此,当强化物贬值发生在不同的环境中时,老鼠会在灭绝的情况下按下杠杆,以获得它们本来会拒绝的强化物。结果表明,动物在工具学习期间对有关强化物的上下文信息进行编码,并建议当强化物在不同的上下文中贬值时,在推断行动与习惯学习时要谨慎。(PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2021 APA,保留所有权利)。
更新日期:2021-09-13
中文翻译:
情境对味觉厌恶学习产生的工具性强化物贬值效应的影响。
四个实验操纵了在工具学习后强化物贬值时发生味觉厌恶调节的环境。在所有实验中,大鼠学会了在操作性调节室中使用杠杆按压,然后厌恶食物颗粒增强剂,通过在这种情况下或不同情况下将其与氯化锂 (LiCl) 配对来调节。然后在消退中对杠杆按压进行测试,以评估其作为目标导向动作的状态。在实验 1 中,操作性调节室中的厌恶调节在测试期间抑制了杠杆按压,但家庭笼中的厌恶调节没有。在家庭笼子中调理后,暴露于操作性调理室中的避免颗粒不会改变这种效果(实验 2)。当不同的环境是第二个操作式腔室(平衡)时,观察到相同的模式,控制环境的暴露,并以相同的方式在其中呈现颗粒(实验 3)。在工具语境中厌恶调节的更大影响不仅仅是由于强化的语境调节(实验 4)。重要的是,消费测试表明,在不同环境中的厌恶已经转移到测试环境中。因此,当强化物贬值发生在不同的环境中时,老鼠会在灭绝的情况下按下杠杆,以获得它们本来会拒绝的强化物。结果表明,动物在工具学习期间对有关强化物的上下文信息进行编码,并建议当强化物在不同的上下文中贬值时,在推断行动与习惯学习时要谨慎。(PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2021 APA,保留所有权利)。