Tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) and oxidative phosphorylation. a Schematic representation for tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) adapted from Wikimedia Commons (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cycle_de_krebs.png). For each step of the TCA cycle intermediate products, enzymes (bold) and coenzymes (FAD and NAD+) are indicated. For each enzyme, heatmaps show relative expression (z-score) in females from T0 to T14d. b KEGG pathway diagram (map 00190) including gene expression results for the five genes among the DEGs in N. flemingeri. The upper part of the figure shows the five respiratory chain complexes with the corresponding E.C. numbers for each enzyme. In the bottom part, heatmaps show relative expression (z-score) of each enzyme associated with the respiratory chain complex in females from T0 to T14d. All enzymes shown were identified as DEGs. Copyright permission to use and adapt the KEGG map 00190 has been granted from KEGG database [18]

RNA metabolism and chromatin silencing. Heatmap of the differentially expressed genes (n = 198) annotated with GO terms associated with chromatin silencing and RNA metabolism (see Fig. 6). Genes (rows) were ordered based on modules (left) for which they were enriched (see Fig. 5). For each gene, relative expression is shown as the average z-score for each timepoint as indicated by the color scale. Timepoints are indicated at the top of the heatmap. Labels on the right indicate processes that were highly represented in each module

Multicellular organism development and immune system process. Heatmap of the differentially expressed genes annotated with GO terms associated with: a multicellular organism development (n = 108) and b immune system process (n = 61) (see Fig. 6). Genes (rows) were ordered based on modules (left) for which they were enriched (see Fig. 5). For each gene, relative expression is shown as the average z-score for each timepoint as indicated by the color scale. Timepoints are indicated at the top of the heatmap

Reproductive program and metabolic processess. Heatmap of the differentially expressed genes annotated with GO terms associated with a oogenesis (n = 54) and b metabolic processes: glycolysis (n = 9), β-oxidation (n = 4), lipase activity (n = 27), epoxigenase activity (n = 9) and digestion (n = 19) (see Fig. 6). Genes (rows) were ordered based on modules (left) for which they were enriched (see Fig. 5). For each gene, relative expression is shown as the average z-score for each timepoint as indicated by the color scale. Timepoints are indicated at the top of the heatmap. Labels on the right indicate processes that were highly represented in each module

三羧酸循环 (TCA) 和氧化磷酸化。一个用于三羧酸循环（TCA）示意图改编自维基共享资源（https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cycle_de_krebs.png）。对于 TCA 循环中间产物的每个步骤，都标出了酶（粗体）和辅酶（FAD 和 NAD+）。对于每种酶，热图显示了女性从 T0 到 T14d 的相对表达（z 分数）。b KEGG 通路图（地图 00190），包括N. flemingeri 中DEG 中五个基因的基因表达结果. 图的上半部分显示了五种呼吸链复合物，每种酶具有相应的 EC 编号。在底部，热图显示了与女性呼吸链复合体相关的每种酶的相对表达（z 分数），从 T0 到 T14d。显示的所有酶均被鉴定为DEG。KEGG 数据库 [18] 已授予使用和改编 KEGG 地图 00190 的版权许可

RNA 代谢和染色质沉默。差异表达基因的热图（n  = 198）用与染色质沉默和 RNA 代谢相关的 GO 术语注释（见图 6）。基因（行）根据它们被丰富的模块（左）排序（见图 5）。对于每个基因，相对表达显示为每个时间点的平均 z 分数，如色标所示。时间点显示在热图的顶部。右侧的标签表示每个模块中高度代表的流程

多细胞生物发育和免疫系统过程。与相关联的GO术语注释的差异表达的基因的热图：一个多细胞生物发育（Ñ  = 108）和b免疫系统处理（Ñ  = 61）（参见图6）。基因（行）根据它们被丰富的模块（左）排序（见图 5）。对于每个基因，相对表达显示为每个时间点的平均 z 分数，如色标所示。时间点显示在热图的顶部

生殖程序和代谢过程。与相关联的GO术语注释的差异表达的基因热图一个卵子发生（Ñ  = 54）和b代谢过程：糖酵解（Ñ  = 9），β氧化（Ñ  = 4），脂肪酶活性（Ñ  = 27），epoxigenase活性( n  = 9) 和消化 ( n = 19)（见图 6）。基因（行）根据它们被丰富的模块（左）排序（见图 5）。对于每个基因，相对表达显示为每个时间点的平均 z 分数，如色标所示。时间点显示在热图的顶部。右侧的标签表示每个模块中高度代表的流程