For the efficient disposal of organic pollutants and Escherichia coli (E. coli) in water, Ag-loaded and Pd-loaded ZnO nanofibers (NFs) were prepared through electrospinning (e-spin), followed by the alcohol-thermal method. The NFs were prepared in membrane form to promote their separation, recovery, and reuse in practical applications. The complete decolorizations of three types of dyes (i.e., azo, triarylmethane, and heterocyclic dyes) were observed when the Ag-loaded or Pd-loaded ZnO nanofiber membrane (NFM) was first applied as photocatalyst under 30-min UV irradiation. The characterization of the catalysts and the decolorization performance of dyes both demonstrated that the optimal loading rates of Ag and Pd were 12% and 6%, respectively. Moreover, the 12%-Ag/ZnO NFM displayed excellent recyclability over five cycles than the 6%-Pd/ZnO NFM. The E. coli disinfection test demonstrated that the photocatalytic inactivation rates with the 12%-Pd/ZnO NFM and the 6%-Ag/ZnO NFM were significantly improved under solar or UV irradiation, and hydroxyl radicals (∙OH) was primarily responsible for the antibacterial performance. Therefore, the presented 12%-Ag/ZnO NFM and 6%-Pd/ZnO NFM can be used for the efficient photocatalytic treatment of dyes and E. coli in water.

用于有效处置有机污染物和大肠杆菌（E.coli) 在水中，通过静电纺丝 (e-spin) 和醇热法制备了负载 Ag 和 Pd 的 ZnO 纳米纤维 (NFs)。NFs 以膜形式制备，以促进它们在实际应用中的分离、回收和再利用。当负载 Ag 或负载 Pd 的 ZnO 纳米纤维膜 (NFM) 作为光催化剂在 30 分钟的紫外线照射下首次应用时，观察到三种类型的染料（即偶氮、三芳基甲烷和杂环染料）的完全脱色。催化剂的表征和染料的脱色性能均表明Ag和Pd的最佳负载率分别为12%和6%。此外，与 6%-Pd/ZnO NFM 相比，12%-Ag/ZnO NFM 在 5 个循环中表现出优异的可回收性。该大肠杆菌消毒试验表明，12%-Pd/ZnO NFM 和 6%-Ag/ZnO NFM 在太阳光或紫外线照射下的光催化灭活率显着提高，羟基自由基 (∙OH) 是抗菌性能的主要原因。因此，所提出的 12%-Ag/ZnO NFM 和 6%-Pd/ZnO NFM 可用于有效光催化处理水中的染料和大肠杆菌。