We analyze the mechanical, structural-fractographic, and electrochemical methods aimed at the evaluation of the in-service degradation of pipe steels with regard for the corrosion-hydrogen influence of aggressive media. Mechanical methods are used primarily for the evaluation of brittle-fracture resistance. However, in the investigation of forge-rolled steels, it is necessary to take into account the possibility of their microdelamination in the axial direction. Preliminary hydrogenation increases the sensitivity of mechanical methods due to the enhancement of the susceptibility of degraded steels to hydrogen-assisted cracking. Among structural factors, we emphasize a special role played by the rolling texture. At the same time, among fractographic factors, we emphasize the role of the fraction of low-energy fractures, such as delamination and intragranular cleavage. The contribution of hydrogenation to the development of steel microdamage is determined by the method of microfractographic analysis. Electrochemical methods enable one to predict the brittle-fracture resistance of steels according to the changes in the polarization resistance and in the fracture surface potential. It is also possible to estimate the degree of dissipated damage and the susceptibility of steels to hydrogen-assisted cracking.

我们分析了机械、结构断口和电化学方法，旨在评估管道钢在腐蚀性介质的腐蚀氢影响方面的在役降解。机械方法主要用于评估抗脆裂性。然而，在对锻轧钢的研究中，必须考虑到它们在轴向上出现微分层的可能性。由于退化钢对氢辅助开裂的敏感性增强，初步氢化增加了机械方法的敏感性。在结构因素中，我们强调滚动纹理所起的特殊作用。同时，在断口因素中，我们强调了低能裂缝分数的作用，如分层和晶内解理。加氢对钢显微损伤发展的贡献是通过显微断口分析的方法确定的。电化学方法使人们能够根据极化电阻和断裂表面电位的变化来预测钢的抗脆裂性。还可以估计耗散损伤的程度和钢对氢致开裂的敏感性。