Background: Self-esteem refers to a person's positive and negative attitudes towards the self, and metacognition is an upper system providing awareness and direction of events and mental functions. Coping refers to the specific and psychological efforts used to deal with stressful events or the negative effects of the agents of these. The aim of this study was to evaluate self-esteem, metacognition status and coping attitudes in patients with cancer, which is known to have severely destructive psychological effects. Materials and Methods: Fifty adult cancer patients who were followed up in the medical oncology clinic between July 2018 and June 2019 and 50 age- and gender-matched healthy controls as control group were included in this study. All the participants were applied with a sociodemographic data form, the Rosenberg self-esteem scale, the Metacognition Assessment Scale, and the Copying Orientation to Problems Experienced (COPE) inventory, and their results were compared between the groups. Results: The groups comprised 50% females with a median age of 58 (33–82) years. The values related to the degree of participation in discussions, problem-focused coping, active coping, planning, and state of emotional vulnerability were low in the cancer patient group compared to the control group (P < 0.005 for all). The sustaining of their self-image, feeling threatened in interpersonal relationships, and degree of daydreaming were higher, and in the metacognition tests, the positive beliefs related to anxiety, uncontrolled or dangerous negative thoughts, nonfunctional coping, religious coping, joking, reckless behavior, substance use, denial, and mental disengagement scores were higher (P < 0.05 for all). Conclusion: Self-esteem was lower in cancer patients and upper level cognitive functions and problem-focused coping were determined to be worse compared to healthy controls. In the light of these results, psychosocial support given to cancer patients in this respect could contribute to quality of life and social conformity.


中文翻译：

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癌症患者的自尊、元认知和应对策略：病例对照研究


背景：自尊是指一个人对自我的积极和消极态度，元认知是提供对事件和心理功能的意识和方向的上层系统。应对是指用于处理压力事件或这些因素的负面影响的具体和心理努力。本研究的目的是评估癌症患者的自尊、元认知状态和应对态度，众所周知，癌症具有严重的破坏性心理影响。材料和方法：本研究纳入了 2018 年 7 月至 2019 年 6 月期间在肿瘤内科门诊随访的 50 名成年癌症患者和 50 名年龄和性别匹配的健康对照组作为对照组。所有参与者都应用了社会人口学数据表、罗森伯格自尊量表、元认知评估量表和经验问题复制定向（COPE）量表，并在各组之间比较了他们的结果。结果：这些组包括 50% 的女性，中位年龄为 58（33-82）岁。与对照组相比，癌症患者组的讨论参与程度、以问题为中心的应对、积极应对、计划和情绪脆弱状态的相关值较低（P< 0.005 全部）。他们的自我形象的维持、在人际关系中的威胁感和白日梦的程度更高，在元认知测试中，与焦虑、不受控制或危险的消极思想、无功能应对、宗教应对、开玩笑、鲁莽行为有关的积极信念、物质使用、否认和精神脱离得分较高（所有P < 0.05）。结论：与健康对照组相比，癌症患者的自尊心较低，较高水平的认知功能和以问题为中心的应对方式被确定为更差。鉴于这些结果，在这方面为癌症患者提供的社会心理支持可能有助于提高生活质量和社会一致性。