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The Role of Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle Metabolites in Viral Infections
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology ( IF 5.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-14 , DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.725043
Francisco Javier Sánchez-García 1 , Celia Angélica Pérez-Hernández 1 , Miguel Rodríguez-Murillo 1 , María Maximina Bertha Moreno-Altamirano 1
Affiliation  

Host cell metabolism is essential for the viral replication cycle and, therefore, for productive infection. Energy (ATP) is required for the receptor-mediated attachment of viral particles to susceptible cells and for their entry into the cytoplasm. Host cells must synthesize an array of biomolecules and engage in intracellular trafficking processes to enable viruses to complete their replication cycle. The tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle has a key role in ATP production as well as in the synthesis of the biomolecules needed for viral replication. The final assembly and budding process of enveloped viruses, for instance, require lipids, and the TCA cycle provides the precursor (citrate) for fatty acid synthesis (FAS). Viral infections may induce host inflammation and TCA cycle metabolic intermediates participate in this process, notably citrate and succinate. On the other hand, viral infections may promote the synthesis of itaconate from TCA cis-aconitate. Itaconate harbors anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-microbial properties. Fumarate is another TCA cycle intermediate with immunoregulatory properties, and its derivatives such as dimethyl fumarate (DMF) are therapeutic candidates for the contention of virus-induced hyper-inflammation and oxidative stress. The TCA cycle is at the core of viral infection and replication as well as viral pathogenesis and anti-viral immunity. This review highlights the role of the TCA cycle in viral infections and explores recent advances in the fast-moving field of virometabolism.



中文翻译:

三羧酸循环代谢物在病毒感染中的作用

宿主细胞代谢对于病毒复制周期是必不可少的,因此对于生产性感染也是必不可少的。受体介导的病毒颗粒与易感细胞的附着以及它们进入细胞质需要能量 (ATP)。宿主细胞必须合成一系列生物分子并参与细胞内运输过程,以使病毒能够完成其复制周期。三羧酸 (TCA) 循环在 ATP 生产以及病毒复制所需的生物分子的合成中起着关键作用。例如,包膜病毒的最终组装和出芽过程需要脂质,而 TCA 循环提供脂肪酸合成 (FAS) 的前体(柠檬酸盐)。病毒感染可能诱发宿主炎症,TCA 循环代谢中间体参与了这一过程,尤其是柠檬酸盐和琥珀酸盐。另一方面,病毒感染可能会促进 TCA 顺式乌头酸合成衣康酸。衣康酸酯具有抗炎、抗氧化和抗微生物的特性。富马酸是另一种具有免疫调节特性的 TCA 循环中间体,其衍生物如富马酸二甲酯 (DMF) 是治疗病毒诱导的过度炎症和氧化应激的候选药物。TCA 循环是病毒感染和复制以及病毒发病机制和抗病毒免疫的核心。这篇综述强调了 TCA 循环在病毒感染中的作用,并探讨了快速发展的病毒代谢领域的最新进展。抗氧化和抗微生物特性。富马酸是另一种具有免疫调节特性的 TCA 循环中间体,其衍生物如富马酸二甲酯 (DMF) 是治疗病毒诱导的过度炎症和氧化应激的候选药物。TCA 循环是病毒感染和复制以及病毒发病机制和抗病毒免疫的核心。这篇综述强调了 TCA 循环在病毒感染中的作用,并探讨了快速发展的病毒代谢领域的最新进展。抗氧化和抗微生物特性。富马酸是另一种具有免疫调节特性的 TCA 循环中间体,其衍生物如富马酸二甲酯 (DMF) 是治疗病毒诱导的过度炎症和氧化应激的候选药物。TCA 循环是病毒感染和复制以及病毒发病机制和抗病毒免疫的核心。这篇综述强调了 TCA 循环在病毒感染中的作用,并探讨了快速发展的病毒代谢领域的最新进展。TCA 循环是病毒感染和复制以及病毒发病机制和抗病毒免疫的核心。这篇综述强调了 TCA 循环在病毒感染中的作用,并探讨了快速发展的病毒代谢领域的最新进展。TCA 循环是病毒感染和复制以及病毒发病机制和抗病毒免疫的核心。这篇综述强调了 TCA 循环在病毒感染中的作用,并探讨了快速发展的病毒代谢领域的最新进展。

更新日期:2021-09-14
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