The hippocampus, which engages in the process of consolidating long-term memories and learning, shows active development during childhood and adolescence. The hippocampus also functionally influences attention. Based on the influence of hippocampal function on attention, it was expected that the volume of the hippocampus would be associated with the difference in attention during childhood and adolescence, in which the brain develops actively. Thus, this study examined the association between hippocampal volume and attention metrics measured by the continuous performance test (CPT) in 115 children and adolescents (mean age = 12.43 ± 3.0, 63 male and 52 female). In association studies with both auditory and visual attention, we found that the bilateral hippocampal volumes showed negative relationships with auditory omission errors. A smaller volume of the left hippocampus also led to a longer auditory response time. However, visual attention did not show any significant relationship with the hippocampal volume. These findings were consistent even after adjusting for the effects of the related covariates (e.g., age, insomnia, and depression). Taken together, this study suggested that the increase in hippocampal volume during childhood and adolescence was associated significantly with better auditory attention.

中文翻译：

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海马体积与儿童和青少年注意力水平之间的关联。

海马体参与巩固长期记忆和学习的过程，在童年和青春期表现出积极的发展。海马体也在功能上影响注意力。基于海马体功能对注意力的影响，预计海马体的体积与大脑发育活跃的儿童和青少年时期的注意力差异有关。因此，本研究检查了 115 名儿童和青少年（平均年龄 = 12.43 ± 3.0，63 名男性和 52 名女性）的持续表现测试 (CPT) 所测量的海马体积与注意力指标之间的关联。在听觉和视觉注意的关联研究中，我们发现双侧海马体积与听觉遗漏错误呈负相关。较小体积的左侧海马也导致较长的听觉反应时间。然而，视觉注意力与海马体积没有任何显着关系。即使在调整了相关协变量（例如，年龄、失眠和抑郁）的影响后，这些发现仍然是一致的。总之，这项研究表明，儿童和青春期海马体积的增加与更好的听觉注意力显着相关。