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Design and control of radiant ceiling panels incorporating phase change materials for cooling applications
Applied Energy ( IF 11.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-13 , DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.117736
Andres Gallardo , Umberto Berardi

Experimental and numerical studies have demonstrated that thermally activated building systems (TABS) may lead to significant energy savings. However, TABS are generally incorporated into the building during the construction phase, limiting their adoption to new buildings. To encourage the application of TABS during building refurbishments, the authors have developed a radiant ceiling panel (RCP) with macroencapsulated phase change materials (PCM). This study aims to provide the criteria to design, size, and control the newly proposed RCP-PCM system. A simplified method to size and design the RCP-PCM system for cooling applications is developed from a set of parametric dynamic simulations. At first, the thermal storage properties of the macro-encapsulated PCM were determined using the standard ASTM C1784-20. The obtained properties were then used in a whole-building simulation model validated using measurements in a small test chamber that replicates the conditions of an actual test room. The PCM panel thickness of 0.015 m and a supply water temperature of 15 ℃ showed the best results in terms of thermal comfort and effective thermal energy storage capacity. The implementation of the simplified method in a case study showed that the RCP-PCM system maintained room conditions within the specified thermal comfort range (−0.5 < PMV < 0.5) for more than 90% of the occupied periods in all of the evaluated cooling-dominated climates. Moreover, yearly-round, the PMV values never reached values higher than 0.8 or lower than −0.6, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed method for designing a RCP-PCM system. The results show that energy savings of 22% could be obtained in a very hot and humid climate using an RCP-PCM system instead of a conventional all-air system. In conclusions, this paper offers a new system to promote energy flexibility and Demand-Side Management (DSM) strategies to modulate the energy demands in retrofitted buildings.



中文翻译:

用于冷却应用的包含相变材料的辐射天花板的设计和控制

实验和数值研究表明,热激活建筑系统 (TABS) 可以显着节省能源。然而,TABS 通常在施工阶段就被纳入建筑中,从而限制了它们在新建筑中的应用。为了鼓励在建筑翻新过程中应用 TABS,作者开发了一种带有宏封装相变材料 (PCM) 的辐射天花板 (RCP)。本研究旨在为新提出的 RCP-PCM 系统的设计、尺寸和控制提供标准。用于冷却应用的 RCP-PCM 系统的尺寸和设计的简化方法是从一组参数动态模拟中开发出来的。首先,使用标准 ASTM C1784-20 确定大封装 PCM 的热存储性能。然后将获得的特性用于整个建筑模拟模型,该模型通过在小型测试室中的测量进行验证,该测试室复制了实际测试室的条件。0.015 m的PCM面板厚度和15 ℃的供水温度在热舒适性和有效热能储存能力方面表现出最好的结果。案例研究中简化方法的实施表明,RCP-PCM 系统将房间条件保持在指定的热舒适范围 (-0.5 < PMV < 0.5) 内,并且在所有评估的制冷系统中超过 90% 的占用时间主导的气候。此外,全年 PMV 值从未达到高于 0.8 或低于 -0.6 的值,证实了所提出的 RCP-PCM 系统设计方法的有效性。结果表明,在非常炎热和潮湿的气候下,使用 RCP-PCM 系统代替传统的全空气系统可以节省 22% 的能源。总之,本文提供了一种新系统来促进能源灵活性和需求侧管理 (DSM) 策略,以调节改造建筑的能源需求。

更新日期:2021-09-13
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