The persistence of traditional tattoo inks presents an advantage for continuous and long-term health monitoring in point of care devices. The replacement of tattoo pigments with optical biosensors aims a promising alternative for monitoring blood biomarkers. Tattoo inks functionalization enables the control of interstitial biomarkers with correlated concentrations in plasma, to diagnose diseases, evaluate progression, and prevent complications associated with physio pathological disorders or medication mismatches. The specific biomarkers in interstitial fluid provide a new source of information, especially for skin diseases. The study of tattoo inks displays insufficient regulation in their composition, a lack of reports of the related complications, and a need for further studies on their degradation kinetics. This review focuses on tattoo optical biosensors for monitoring dermal interstitial biomarkers and discusses the clinical advantages and main challenges for in vivo implantation. Tattoo functionalization provides a minimally invasive, reversible, biocompatible, real-time sensing with long-term permanence and multiplexing capabilities for the control, diagnosis, and prevention of illness; it enables self-controlling management by the patient, but also the possibility of sending the records to the doctor.

中文翻译：

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用于组织液中光学生物传感的纹身墨水

传统纹身墨水的持久性为护理设备中的连续和长期健康监测提供了优势。用光学生物传感器替代纹身颜料旨在为监测血液生物标志物提供一种有前途的替代方案。纹身墨水功能化能够控制血浆中具有相关浓度的间质生物标志物，以诊断疾病、评估进展并预防与生理病理障碍或药物不匹配相关的并发症。组织液中的特定生物标志物提供了新的信息来源，特别是对于皮肤病。纹身油墨的研究表明其成分调控不足，缺乏相关并发症的报告，需要进一步研究其降解动力学。本综述重点关注用于监测真皮间质生物标志物的纹身光学生物传感器，并讨论了体内植入的临床优势和主要挑战。纹身功能化提供了一种微创、可逆、生物相容的实时传感，具有长期持久性和多路复用能力，用于疾病的控制、诊断和预防；它使患者能够进行自我控制管理，而且还可以将记录发送给医生。和预防疾病；它使患者能够进行自我控制管理，而且还可以将记录发送给医生。和预防疾病；它使患者能够进行自我控制管理，而且还可以将记录发送给医生。