Dehumanization is often explored in the context of inhumane acts of intergroup and interpersonal violence, and is considered a precursor to extreme atrocities. However, research suggests that we may all engage dehumanized perceptions, at least occasionally, if the social context or goals encourage dehumanization. This implies an individual difference nature of dehumanization propensity. Across four online studies (cross-sectional Studies 1, 3, 4, and longitudinal Study 2), we develop and validate the Humanity Inventory (HumIn), a self-report measure of individual differences in the propensity to engage dehumanization. Study 1 (N = 86) entailed item selection. Study 2 (N = 235) examined the validity of the scale and investigated its test–retest reliability. Study 3 (N = 259) compared the HumIn with pre-existing scales measuring related constructs. Study 4 (N = 98) examined the scale's performance in a situational example of dehumanization. Across all studies, the HumIn performs admirably, showing excellent reliability and validity. This novel instrument and broader conceptualization of dehumanization propensity should allow researchers to tackle questions related to dehumanization from a novel perspective, and will aid future research by providing a tool for assessment.

中文翻译：

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人类清单：开发和验证非人化倾向的个体差异测量

非人性化经常在群体间和人际暴力的不人道行为的背景下进行探讨，并被认为是极端暴行的前兆。然而，研究表明，如果社会背景或目标鼓励非人化，我们可能都会产生非人化的看法，至少偶尔如此。这暗示了非人化倾向的个体差异性。在四项在线研究（横断面研究 1、3、4 和纵向研究 2）中，我们开发并验证了人类调查问卷 (HumIn)，这是一种自我报告衡量个体在非人化倾向方面的差异的指标。研究 1 ( N  = 86) 涉及项目选择。研究 2 ( N  = 235) 检查了量表的有效性并调查了其重测信度。研究 3 ( N = 259) 将 HumIn 与测量相关结构的预先存在的量表进行了比较。研究 4 ( N  = 98) 在一个非人化的情境示例中检查了该量表的表现。在所有研究中，HumIn 的表现令人钦佩，显示出出色的信度和效度。这种新颖的工具和非人化倾向的更广泛概念化应该允许研究人员从新的角度解决与非人化相关的问题，并将通过提供评估工具来帮助未来的研究。