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Doping and Surface Modification of Carbon Quantum Dots for Enhanced Functionalities and Related Applications
Particle & Particle Systems Characterization ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-13 , DOI: 10.1002/ppsc.202100170
Varsha Lisa John 1 , Yamuna Nair 1 , T. P. Vinod 1
Affiliation  

Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are a unique class of 0D nanomaterials, featured by a graphitic core and shell layers saturated with hydrogen atoms and functional groups. CQDs are prepared through top-down and bottom-up strategies from natural and synthetic precursors. CQDs can be modified through chemical (e.g., surface functionalization/passivation, doping, etc.) and physical (e.g., core–shell architecture, composite material blending, etc.) strategies to control their properties. This review highlights the effect of such modifications on the photophysical properties of CQDs, such as photoluminescence (PL), absorbance, and relaxivity. The dependence of PL upon the size, orientation at the edges, surface and edge functionalization, doping, excitation wavelength, concentration, pH, aggregate formation, etc., are summarized along with the supporting theoretical evidence available in the literature. Also, this review outlines the recent advancements, and future prospective of optical (e.g., sensing, bioimaging, and fluorescent ink) and catalytic applications (e.g., photocatalysis and electrocatalysis) of CQDs enhanced through physical and chemical modifications of their structure and composition.

中文翻译:

用于增强功能和相关应用的碳量子点的掺杂和表面改性

碳量子点 (CQD) 是一类独特的 0D 纳米材料,其特点是石墨核和壳层充满了氢原子和官能团。CQDs 是通过自上而下和自下而上的策略从天然和合成前体制备的。CQD 可以通过化学(例如,表面功能化/钝化、掺杂等)和物理(例如,核壳结构、复合材料混合等)策略进行改性,以控制其性能。这篇综述强调了这种修饰对 CQD 光物理特性的影响,例如光致发光 (PL)、吸光度和弛豫率。PL 对尺寸、边缘取向、表面和边缘功能化、掺杂、激发波长、浓度、pH、聚集体形成等的依赖性,与文献中可用的支持性理论证据一起进行了总结。此外,本综述概述了 CQD 通过其结构和组成的物理和化学修饰增强的 CQD 的光学(例如传感、生物成像和荧光墨水)和催化应用(例如光催化和电催化)的最新进展和未来前景。
更新日期:2021-11-12
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