Non-linear dielectric spectroscopy (NLDS) is employed as an effective tool to study relaxation processes and phase transitions of a poly(vinylidenefluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorofluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE-CFE)) relaxor-ferroelectric (R-F) terpolymer in detail. Measurements of the non-linear dielectric permittivity \({\varepsilon _{2}^{'}}\) reveal peaks at 30 and 80\(\,^\circ\)C that cannot be identified in conventional dielectric spectroscopy. By combining the results from NLDS experiments with those from other techniques such as thermally stimulated depolarization and dielectric-hysteresis studies, it is possible to explain the processes behind the additional peaks. The former peak, which is associated with the mid-temperature transition, is found in all other vinylidene fluoride-based polymers and may help to understand the non-zero \(\varepsilon _\mathrm {2}^{'}\) values that are detected on the paraelectric phase of the terpolymer. The latter peak can also be observed during cooling of P(VDF-TrFE) copolymer samples at 100\(\,^\circ\)C and is due to conduction and space-charge polarization as a result of the accumulation of real charges at the electrode–sample interface.

非线性介电光谱 (NLDS) 被用作详细研究聚（偏二氟乙烯 - 三氟乙烯 - 氯氟乙烯）（P（VDF-TrFE-CFE））弛豫 - 铁电（RF）三元共聚物的弛豫过程和相变的有效工具. 非线性介电常数\({\varepsilon _{2}^{'}}\) 的测量显示在 30 和 80 \(\,^\circ\)在常规介电光谱中无法识别的 C。通过将 NLDS 实验的结果与其他技术（如热刺激去极化和介电滞后研究）的结果相结合，可以解释附加峰背后的过程。前者峰，其与中温转变相关联的，在所有其他偏氟乙烯系聚合物被发现，可能有助于理解非零\（\ varepsilon _ \ mathrm {2} ^ {'} \）的值在三元共聚物的顺电相上检测到。在 P(VDF-TrFE) 共聚物样品在 100 \(\,^\circ\)C 和是由于电极 - 样品界面处实际电荷积累导致的传导和空间电荷极化。