Over the decades suicidology has experienced many challenges and changes. Language, culture, gender, and intersectionalities of experience have been domains of challenge and change. In this article I document my contributions to suicidology’s transformation in these domains. These contributions include challenging stigmatizing and biased suicide-language (e.g., expressions like “successful” and “failed” suicide); questioning gender myths of suicidal behaviors (e.g., the myth that women and men are opposites in terms of suicide motives); the gender-paradox-of-suicide idea; and suicide-scripts theory and research. I then describe the evolution of suicide-scripts theory. Suicide-scripts theory builds on evidence that in each culture there are unique situations when suicidal behavior is expected from specific people, using specific methods, and with specific social consequences. The theory posits that these scripts contribute to variations in suicidality across cultures, and within cultures, across sociodemographic groups, intersectionally. Studies using a diversity of methodologies and focusing on a diversity of sociodemographic groups and cultures point to the role of suicide scripts in suicidality. The article concludes with a discussion of the implications, for suicide prevention, of suicide-scripts theory and evidence.

中文翻译：

---

自杀理论、研究和预防中的语言、文化、性别和交叉性：挑战和变化

几十年来，自杀学经历了许多挑战和变化。语言、文化、性别和经验的交叉性一直是挑战和变革的领域。在这篇文章中，我记录了我对自杀学在这些领域的转变所做的贡献。这些贡献包括挑战污名化和有偏见的自杀语言（例如，“成功”和“失败”自杀等表达方式）；质疑自杀行为的性别神话（例如，女性和男性在自杀动机方面是对立的神话）；自杀的性别悖论；和自杀脚本理论和研究。然后我描述了自杀脚本理论的演变。自杀脚本理论建立在证据的基础上，即在每种文化中，都有独特的情况，即预期特定的人会使用特定的方法进行自杀行为，并具有特定的社会后果。该理论认为，这些脚本会导致跨文化、跨文化、跨社会人口群体、交叉的自杀倾向的变化。使用多种方法并关注不同社会人口群体和文化的研究表明自杀脚本在自杀中的作用。文章最后讨论了自杀脚本理论和证据对预防自杀的影响。