Circulating Hematopoietic (HSC) and Very-Small Embryonic like (VSEL) Stem Cells in Newly Diagnosed Childhood Diabetes type 1 – Novel Parameters of Beta Cell Destruction/Regeneration Balance and Possible Prognostic Factors of Future Disease Course,Stem Cell Reviews and Reports

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Circulating Hematopoietic (HSC) and Very-Small Embryonic like (VSEL) Stem Cells in Newly Diagnosed Childhood Diabetes type 1 – Novel Parameters of Beta Cell Destruction/Regeneration Balance and Possible Prognostic Factors of Future Disease Course
Stem Cell Reviews and Reports ( IF 4.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-12 , DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10250-7
Milena Jamiołkowska-Sztabkowska ₁ , Kamil Grubczak ₂ , Aleksandra Starosz ₂ , Anna Krętowska-Grunwald ₂ , Magdalena Krętowska ₂ , Zuzanna Parfienowicz ₂ , Marcin Moniuszko ₂ , Artur Bossowski ₁ , Barbara Głowińska-Olszewska ₁

Affiliation

Aims/Hypothesis

We aimed to evaluate hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and very small embryonic-like stem cells (VSEL) mobilization to establish their role in residual beta cell function maintenance and partial remission occurrence in children newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes.

Methods

We recruited 59 type 1 diabetic patients (aged 6–18 years) monitored for 2 years, and 31 healthy children as a control group. HSC and VSEL levels were assessed at disease onset in PBMC isolated from whole peripheral blood with the use of flow cytometry. An assessment of beta cell function was based on C-peptide secretion. Studied groups were stratified on the basis of VSEL, HSC and/or C-peptide median levels in regard to beta cell function and partial remission.

Results

Patients with higher stimulated C-peptide secretion at disease onset demonstrated lower levels of HSC (p < 0.05), while for VSEL and VSEL/HSC ratio higher values were observed (p < 0.05). Accordingly, after 2 years follow-up, patients with higher C-peptide secretion presented lower initial levels of HSC and higher VSEL/HSC ratio (p < 0.05). Patients with lower values of HSC levels demonstrated a tendency for better partial remission prevalence in the first 3 to 6 months after diagnosis.

Conclusions

These clinical observations indicate a possible significant role of HSC and VSEL in maintaining residual beta cell function in type 1 diabetic patients.

Graphical Abstract

中文翻译：

循环造血 (HSC) 和非常小胚胎样 (VSEL) 干细胞在新诊断的 1 型儿童糖尿病中 - β 细胞破坏/再生平衡的新参数和未来疾病进程的可能预后因素

目标/假设

我们旨在评估造血干细胞 (HSC) 和非常小的胚胎样干细胞 (VSEL) 动员，以确定它们在新诊断为 1 型糖尿病的儿童中残留 β 细胞功能维持和部分缓解中的作用。

方法

我们招募了 59 名 1 型糖尿病患者（年龄 6-18 岁）进行了为期 2 年的监测，并招募了 31 名健康儿童作为对照组。使用流式细胞术在从全外周血中分离的 PBMC 中在疾病发作时评估 HSC 和 VSEL 水平。β 细胞功能的评估基于 C 肽分泌。研究组根据关于 β 细胞功能和部分缓解的 VSEL、HSC 和/或 C 肽中值水平进行分层。

结果

在疾病发作时具有较高刺激 C 肽分泌的患者表现出较低水平的 HSC (p < 0.05)，而对于 VSEL 和 VSEL/HSC 比率观察到较高的值 (p < 0.05)。因此，经过 2 年的随访，具有较高 C 肽分泌的患者表现出较低的 HSC 初始水平和较高的 VSEL/HSC 比率 (p < 0.05)。HSC 水平较低的患者在诊断后的前 3 至 6 个月内表现出更好的部分缓解患病率趋势。