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Dietary lysine restriction induces lipid accumulation in skeletal muscle through an increase in serum threonine levels in rats.
Journal of Biological Chemistry ( IF 5.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-08 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101179
Yuki Goda 1 , Daisuke Yamanaka 2 , Hiroki Nishi 1 , Masato Masuda 1 , Hiroyasu Kamei 1 , Mikako Kumano 1 , Koichi Ito 2 , Masaya Katsumata 3 , Keitaro Yamanouchi 2 , Naoyuki Kataoka 1 , Fumihiko Hakuno 1 , Shin-Ichiro Takahashi 1
Affiliation  

We previously reported that dietary amino acid restriction induces the accumulation of triglycerides (TAG) in the liver of growing rats. However, differences in TAG accumulation in individual cell types or other tissues were not examined. In this study, we show that TAG also accumulates in the muscle and adipose tissues of rats fed a low amino acid (low-AA) diet. In addition, dietary lysine restriction (low-Lys) induces lipid accumulation in muscle and adipose tissues. In adjusting the nitrogen content to that of the control diet, we found that glutamic acid supplementation to the low-AA diet blocked lipid accumulation, but supplementation with the low-Lys diet did not, suggesting that a shortage of nitrogen caused lipids to accumulate in the skeletal muscle in the rats fed a low-AA diet. Serum amino acid measurement revealed that, in rats fed a low-Lys diet, serum lysine levels were decreased, while serum threonine levels were significantly increased compared with the control rats. When the threonine content was restricted in the low-Lys diet, TAG accumulation induced by the low-Lys diet was completely abolished in skeletal muscle. Moreover, in L6 myotubes cultured in medium containing high threonine and low lysine, fatty acid uptake was enhanced compared with that in cells cultured in control medium. These findings suggest that the increased serum threonine in rats fed a low-Lys diet resulted in lipid incorporation into skeletal muscle, leading to the formation of fatty muscle tissue. Collectively, we propose conceptual hypothesis that "amino-acid signal" based on lysine and threonine regulates lipid metabolism.

中文翻译:

饮食赖氨酸限制通过增加大鼠血清苏氨酸水平诱导骨骼肌中的脂质积累。

我们之前报道过饮食氨基酸限制会导致生长大鼠肝脏中甘油三酯 (TAG) 的积累。然而,没有检查单个细胞类型或其他组织中 TAG 积累的差异。在这项研究中,我们表明 TAG 也会在喂食低氨基酸 (low-AA) 饮食的大鼠的肌肉和脂肪组织中积累。此外,饮食赖氨酸限制(低赖氨酸)会诱导肌肉和脂肪组织中的脂质积累。在调整对照日粮的氮含量时,我们发现在低 AA 日粮中补充谷氨酸可以阻止脂质积累,而补充低赖氨酸日粮则没有,这表明氮缺乏导致脂质在体内积累。喂食低 AA 饮食的大鼠的骨骼肌。血清氨基酸测定表明,在喂食低赖氨酸饮食的大鼠中,与对照大鼠相比,血清赖氨酸水平降低,而血清苏氨酸水平显着升高。当低赖氨酸饮食中苏氨酸含量受到限制时,由低赖氨酸饮食诱导的 TAG 积累在骨骼肌中完全消失。此外,在含有高苏氨酸和低赖氨酸的培养基中培养的 L6 肌管中,与在对照培养基中培养的细胞相比,脂肪酸摄取增强。这些发现表明,喂食低赖氨酸饮食的大鼠血清苏氨酸增加导致脂质掺入骨骼肌,导致脂肪肌肉组织的形成。总的来说,我们提出了基于赖氨酸和苏氨酸的“氨基酸信号”调节脂质代谢的概念假设。而血清苏氨酸水平与对照大鼠相比显着升高。当低赖氨酸饮食中苏氨酸含量受到限制时,由低赖氨酸饮食诱导的 TAG 积累在骨骼肌中完全消失。此外,在含有高苏氨酸和低赖氨酸的培养基中培养的 L6 肌管中,与在对照培养基中培养的细胞相比,脂肪酸摄取增强。这些发现表明,喂食低赖氨酸饮食的大鼠血清苏氨酸增加导致脂质掺入骨骼肌,导致脂肪肌肉组织的形成。总的来说,我们提出了基于赖氨酸和苏氨酸的“氨基酸信号”调节脂质代谢的概念假设。而血清苏氨酸水平与对照大鼠相比显着升高。当低赖氨酸饮食中苏氨酸含量受到限制时,由低赖氨酸饮食诱导的 TAG 积累在骨骼肌中完全消失。此外,在含有高苏氨酸和低赖氨酸的培养基中培养的 L6 肌管中,与在对照培养基中培养的细胞相比,脂肪酸摄取增强。这些发现表明,喂食低赖氨酸饮食的大鼠血清苏氨酸增加导致脂质掺入骨骼肌,导致脂肪肌肉组织的形成。总的来说,我们提出了基于赖氨酸和苏氨酸的“氨基酸信号”调节脂质代谢的概念假设。当低赖氨酸饮食中苏氨酸含量受到限制时,由低赖氨酸饮食诱导的 TAG 积累在骨骼肌中完全消失。此外,在含有高苏氨酸和低赖氨酸的培养基中培养的 L6 肌管中,与在对照培养基中培养的细胞相比,脂肪酸摄取增强。这些发现表明,喂食低赖氨酸饮食的大鼠血清苏氨酸增加导致脂质掺入骨骼肌,导致脂肪肌肉组织的形成。总的来说,我们提出了基于赖氨酸和苏氨酸的“氨基酸信号”调节脂质代谢的概念假设。当低赖氨酸饮食中苏氨酸含量受到限制时,由低赖氨酸饮食诱导的 TAG 积累在骨骼肌中完全消失。此外,在含有高苏氨酸和低赖氨酸的培养基中培养的 L6 肌管中,与在对照培养基中培养的细胞相比,脂肪酸摄取增强。这些发现表明,喂食低赖氨酸饮食的大鼠血清苏氨酸增加导致脂质掺入骨骼肌,导致脂肪肌肉组织的形成。总的来说,我们提出了基于赖氨酸和苏氨酸的“氨基酸信号”调节脂质代谢的概念假设。在含有高苏氨酸和低赖氨酸的培养基中培养的 L6 肌管中,与在对照培养基中培养的细胞相比,脂肪酸摄取增强。这些发现表明,喂食低赖氨酸饮食的大鼠血清苏氨酸增加导致脂质掺入骨骼肌,导致脂肪肌肉组织的形成。总的来说,我们提出了基于赖氨酸和苏氨酸的“氨基酸信号”调节脂质代谢的概念假设。在含有高苏氨酸和低赖氨酸的培养基中培养的 L6 肌管中,与在对照培养基中培养的细胞相比,脂肪酸摄取增强。这些发现表明,喂食低赖氨酸饮食的大鼠血清苏氨酸增加导致脂质掺入骨骼肌,导致脂肪肌肉组织的形成。总的来说,我们提出了基于赖氨酸和苏氨酸的“氨基酸信号”调节脂质代谢的概念假设。
更新日期:2021-09-08
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