Emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) pose a threat to human immunity induced by natural infection and vaccination. We assessed the recognition of three VOCs (B.1.1.7, B.1.351, and P.1) in cohorts of COVID-19 convalescent patients (n = 69) and Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine recipients (n = 50). Spike binding and neutralization against all three VOCs were substantially reduced in most individuals, with the largest four- to sevenfold reduction in neutralization being observed against B.1.351. While hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and vaccinees maintained sufficient neutralizing titers against all three VOCs, 39% of nonhospitalized patients exhibited no detectable neutralization against B.1.351. Moreover, monoclonal neutralizing antibodies show sharp reductions in their binding kinetics and neutralizing potential to B.1.351 and P.1 but not to B.1.1.7. These data have implications for the degree to which pre-existing immunity can protect against subsequent infection with VOCs and informs policy makers of susceptibility to globally circulating SARS-CoV-2 VOCs.

中文翻译：

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令人担忧的新出现的 SARS-CoV-2 变体逃避了感染和疫苗接种的体液免疫反应

新出现的 SARS-CoV-2 关注变体 (VOC) 对自然感染和疫苗接种引起的人体免疫力构成威胁。我们评估了 COVID-19 康复期患者（n = 69）和辉瑞-BioNTech 疫苗接种者（n= 50）。在大多数个体中，针对所有三种 VOC 的尖峰结合和中和作用都显着降低，其中观察到针对 B.1.351 的中和作用降低了 4 到 7 倍。虽然住院的 COVID-19 患者和疫苗接种者对所有三种 VOC 都保持足够的中和效价，但 39% 的非住院患者未表现出可检测到的针对 B.1.351 的中和作用。此外，单克隆中和抗体显示其对 B.1.351 和 P.1 但对 B.1.1.7 的结合动力学和中和潜力急剧下降。这些数据对预先存在的免疫力可以在多大程度上防止随后感染 VOC 产生影响，并告知政策制定者对全球传播的 SARS-CoV-2 VOC 的易感性。