BACKGROUND:Conventional ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound play an important role in the application of carotid plaque. AIMS:To establish carotid artery vulnerable plaques plaque model by conventional ultrasound combined with contrast-enhanced ultrasound, identify high-risk plaques that may lead to cerebrovascular events, and provide clinical risk warning of high-risk plaques of stroke. METHODS:205 cases of patients selected in 5053 patients with symptoms from 2018 to 2019 who were verified carotid plaques by conventional ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound image characteristics, 147 cases as a training set, establishing the carotid artery plaque model, analyzing the characteristic of the plaques and the relationship between cerebrovascular event, with 58 cases as a test set, verify the model. Routine carotid ultrasound and contrast-enhanced carotid ultrasound were performed in all enrolled patients. RESULTS:The gray-level characteristics of conventional ultrasound in the training concentration showed statistical differences in plaque morphology, fibrous cap morphology, uniformity and calcification degree in cerebrovascular events. The contrast enhanced ultrasound characteristics of plaques showed statistical differences in neovascularization and perfusion mode in cerebrovascular events. In the test set, there were statistical differences in the above conventional gray scale features and CEUS features. CONCLUSION:The vulnerable plaque model established by conventional ultrasound combined with contrast-enhanced ultrasound has good diagnostic value for the characteristic plaque of carotid artery with cerebrovascular events.

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常规超声和对比增强超声对脑血管事件的颈动脉易损斑块模型：初步研究

背景：常规超声和增强超声在颈动脉斑块的应用中发挥着重要作用。目的：通过常规超声联合超声造影建立颈动脉易损斑块斑块模型，识别可能导致脑血管事件的高危斑块，为脑卒中高危斑块提供临床风险预警。方法：从2018-2019年5053例有症状的患者中选取205例患者，通过常规超声和超声造影图像特征验证颈动脉斑块，147例作为训练集，建立颈动脉斑块模型，分析颈动脉斑块特征。斑块与脑血管事件的关系，以58例为测试集，验证模型。所有入组患者均进行了常规颈动脉超声和增强颈动脉超声检查。结果：常规超声在训练浓度下的灰度特征在脑血管事件中斑块形态、纤维帽形态、均匀度和钙化程度有统计学差异。斑块的对比增强超声特征显示脑血管事件中新生血管和灌注模式的统计学差异。在测试集中，上述常规灰度特征和CEUS特征存在统计学差异。结论:常规超声联合超声造影建立的易损斑块模型对颈动脉特征性斑块伴脑血管事件具有良好的诊断价值。