Abstract

Although many studies have unequivocally demonstrated the promise of understanding resilience to adversity and characterizing the consequences if stress is unabated, needed are dynamic theories and methods to enhance the rigor and interpretation of these assessments. From a dynamic systems perspective, the focus is not whether an individual possesses some fixed ability or unchangeable trait, but rather to understand the flexibility and responsiveness of stress regulation systems to daily hassles and adverse life events. A renewed interest in individual variability allows researchers to see trajectories of change over both short- and long-time scales to understand the developmental course. As a result, it is possible to answer questions, such as, how does the dysregulation in emotion caused by stress, to both within and between daily affect processes, relate to longitudinal trajectories (over time-scales of years) of dysfunction and disease? The overarching goal of the Notre Dame Study of Health & Well-being is to detail the types and qualities of contextual influences, in conjunction with dynamic psychobiological systems, to assess the precursors, concomitant influences and consequences of stress and resilience in the face of adversity on cognitive, health, and well-being outcomes.

摘要

尽管许多研究已经明确证明了理解逆境复原力和描述压力不减时后果的前景，但需要动态的理论和方法来增强这些评估的严谨性和解释。从动态系统的角度来看，重点不是个人是否具有某种固定的能力或不可改变的特质，而是要了解压力调节系统对日常麻烦和不良生活事件的灵活性和反应能力。对个体变异性的重新兴趣使研究人员能够看到短期和长期尺度的变化轨迹，以了解发展过程。因此，可以回答诸如压力引起的情绪失调是如何产生的问题，在日常影响过程中和日常影响过程之间，是否与功能障碍和疾病的纵向轨迹（多年的时间尺度）有关？圣母大学健康与福祉研究的首要目标是详细说明情境影响的类型和质量，结合动态心理生物学系统，评估面对逆境时压力和复原力的前兆、伴随影响和后果关于认知、健康和幸福的结果。