The understanding of the physical processes that lead to the origin of matter in the early Universe, creating both an excess of matter over anti-matter and a dark matter abundance that survived until the present, is one of the most fascinating challenges in modern science. The problem cannot be addressed within our current description of fundamental physics and, therefore, it currently provides a very strong evidence of new physics. Solutions can either reside in a modification of the standard model of elementary particle physics or in a modification of the way we describe gravity, based on general relativity, or at the interface of both. We will mainly discuss the first class of solutions. Traditionally, models that separately explain either the matter–antimatter asymmetry of the Universe or dark matter have been proposed. However, in the last years there has also been an accreted interest and intense activity on scenarios able to provide a unified picture of the origin of matter in the early universe. In this review we discuss some of the main ideas emphasising primarily those models that have more chances to be experimentally tested during next years. Moreover, after a general discussion, we will focus on extensions of the standard model that can also address neutrino masses and mixing. Since this is currently the only evidence of physics beyond the standard model coming directly from particle physics experiments, it is then reasonable that such extensions might also provide a solution to the problem of the origin of matter in the universe.

了解导致早期宇宙中物质起源的物理过程，产生了超过反物质的过量物质和一直存在到现在的暗物质丰度，是现代科学中最迷人的挑战之一。这个问题在我们目前对基础物理学的描述中无法解决，因此，它目前为新物理学提供了非常有力的证据。解决方案可以存在于基本粒子物理学标准模型的修改中，也可以存在于我们基于广义相对论描述重力的方式的修改中，或者存在于两者的界面中。我们将主要讨论第一类解决方案。传统上，已经提出了分别解释宇宙物质-反物质不对称性或暗物质的模型。然而，在过去的几年里，人们对能够提供早期宇宙物质起源的统一画面的情景产生了越来越多的兴趣和激烈的活动。在这篇评论中，我们讨论了一些主要思想，主要强调那些在未来几年有更多机会进行实验测试的模型。此外，经过一般性讨论后，我们将重点关注也可以解决中微子质量和混合问题的标准模型的扩展。由于这是目前直接来自粒子物理实验的超越标准模型的物理学的唯一证据，因此这种扩展也可能为宇宙物质起源问题提供解决方案是合理的。