Resistance to azole antifungal agents is a challenging limitation in Candida glabrata treatment. It is associated with decreased intracellular concentrations of antifungal agents as a result of overexpression of efflux pumps on the cellular plasma membranes. This work evaluates the potential of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to reverse the resistance of fungal cells to fluconazole. Silver nanoparticles were prepared using wet chemical method and characterised by UV-Vis spectrophotometry, dynamic light scattering, and zeta potential. Broth microdilution and pour plates methods were used to study the anticandidal activity using two C. glabrata fluconazole-resistant strains (DSY565 and CBS138) known to overexpress active efflux pumps, and a standard fluconazole sensitive strain ATCC 22553. Silver nanoparticles–fluconazole combinations decreased concentrations of fluconazole substantially without compromising the activity. These findings suggest that AgNPs enhance the efficacy of fluconazole and offer a promising application in therapy of C. glabrata infections.

中文翻译：

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银纳米粒子，一种有希望的治疗临床上重要的抗氟康唑念珠菌的方法

对唑类抗真菌剂的抗性是光滑念珠菌治疗中的一个具有挑战性的限制。由于细胞质膜上外排泵的过度表达，它与细胞内抗真菌剂浓度降低有关。这项工作评估了银纳米粒子 (AgNPs) 逆转真菌细胞对氟康唑的耐药性的潜力。使用湿化学方法制备银纳米粒子，并通过紫外-可见分光光度法、动态光散射和 zeta 电位进行表征。使用肉汤微量稀释和倾倒平板方法研究了两种C. glabrata的抗念珠菌活性氟康唑抗性菌株（DSY565 和 CBS138）已知过度表达活性外排泵，以及标准氟康唑敏感菌株 ATCC 22553。银纳米颗粒-氟康唑组合在不影响活性的情况下显着降低了氟康唑的浓度。这些发现表明，AgNPs 增强了氟康唑的功效，并在治疗光滑念珠菌感染中提供了有希望的应用。