Identifying the sources of oxygen in the chlorate process is challenging due to the complex set of chemical and electrochemical reactions involved. Here, two types of electrodes have been investigated—Ti_0.7Ru_0.3O_x, and electrodes with aimed composition Ti_0.34Ru_0.3Sn_0.3Sb_0.06O_x, both compared with platinum anodes. The cell oxygen off-gas was analyzed employing mass spectrometry together with ex situ UV–vis spectroscopy to quantify the kinetic rate constants. Noteworthy is that the respective rates of oxygen formation from anodic and chemical reactions in the presence of hypochlorite are of the same magnitude. The addition of Sn and Sb doubled the surface area of the electrodes and decreased oxygen production when electrodes were used for the first time. However, rate constants for total oxygen production with reused electrodes follow the trend: homogeneous hypochlorite decomposition < TiRu < TiRuSnSb to the highest value obtained by Pt. The same trend is noticed for rate constants concerning the hypochlorite decomposition.

中文翻译：

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利用尺寸稳定阳极 (DSA) 电极在氯酸盐工艺中产生的氧源，该电极掺杂 Sn 和 Sb

由于涉及一系列复杂的化学和电化学反应，确定氯酸盐工艺中的氧气来源具有挑战性。这里，研究了两种类型的电极——Ti _0.7 Ru _0.3 O _x和具有目标成分的电极 Ti _0.34 Ru _0.3 Sn _0.3 Sb _0.06 O _x，两者都与铂阳极相比。使用质谱法和非原位紫外-可见光谱法分析细胞氧废气，以量化动力学速率常数。值得注意的是，在次氯酸盐存在下，阳极反应和化学反应产生的氧气各自的速率是相同的。首次使用电极时，添加 Sn 和 Sb 使电极的表面积增加了一倍，并减少了氧气的产生。然而，重复使用电极的总氧气生产速率常数遵循以下趋势：均质次氯酸盐分解 < TiRu < TiRuSnSb 到 Pt 获得的最高值。注意到关于次氯酸盐分解的速率常数的相同趋势。