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New approach for evaluating the repellent activity of essential oils against storage pests using a miniaturized model of stored-commodity packaging and a wooden transport pallet
Industrial Crops and Products ( IF 5.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-10 , DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2021.114024
Tomas Vendl 1 , Vaclav Stejskal 1 , Jakub Kadlec 1 , Radek Aulicky 1
Affiliation  

Essential oils (EOs) are promising compounds for repellent protection of packed commodities or processed food against storage insect pests. Currently, the efficacy of EOs has been tested only when applied to packages, whereas no tests are available for real-world situations in which products are placed on cardboard spacers and transport pallets. Therefore, the aim of this work was to test the effects of placing products on pallets and the treatment of packaging with bergamot essential oil as repellent of storage pests. Due to the size constraint posed by the size of pallets and packaging, miniaturized models were designed and constructed. In this work, we experimentally determined (i) the pest behavioral modification resulting from placing untreated packaging (i.e., without repellent treatment) containing untreated food on a miniaturized pallet vs. placing it on a simulated floor surface and (ii) the repellent effect of bergamot oil applied separately to carton packaging (containing untreated food), wooden pallets or cardboard pallet spacers located between the pallet and packaging on two key storage pests (Sitophilus granarius and Tribolium confusum). The beetle infestation was assessed as a number of beetles in the packaging, and the EO repellency was assessed as number of beetles in the packaging and in the cardboard. The placement of untreated packaging on untreated pallets and spacers decreased packaging infestation by both species in comparison with the placement of products directly on the floor surface. The treatment of various parts of the packaging set (i.e., food packaging, pallet, and cardboard spacer) with bergamot oil had significant repellent activity that was generally more apparent for S. granarius than for T. confusum. The wooden pallet treatment had a greater and longer (i.e., 24 h) repellent effect than the packaging or cardboard spacer treatment on the tested pests. The results showed that the treatment of some parts (such as pallets and cardboard spacers) of the packaging set with essential oils may make it unnecessary to treat primary food/commodity packaging. This may have profound implications for the use and acceptance of essential oils as insect repellents under industrial conditions, since producers may worry about the migration of EOs from the primary packaging to food. Moreover, the miniaturized packaging model presented in this study allowed effective EO repellent testing in large assays in a limited space (e.g., 360 miniaturized model pallets were used in this experiment, and testing this volume of actual Euro pallets would require an area of 346 m2).



中文翻译:

使用储存商品包装的微型模型和木制运输托盘评估精油对储存害虫的驱避活性的新方法

精油 (EO) 是一种很有前途的化合物,可用于对包装商品或加工食品进行驱虫保护,使其免受仓储害虫的侵害。目前,仅在应用于包装时才对 EO 的功效进行了测试,而没有针对将产品放置在纸板隔板和运输托盘上的实际情况进行测试。因此,这项工作的目的是测试将产品放置在托盘上的效果以及使用佛手柑精油作为仓储害虫驱避剂处理包装的效果。由于托盘和包装尺寸的限制,设计和构建了小型化模型。在这项工作中,我们通过实验确定了 (i) 将含有未经处理的食物的未经处理的包装(即未经驱虫剂处理)放在微型托盘上与放置在小型托盘上的害虫行为改变。Sitophilus granariusTribolium confusum )。甲虫侵扰被评估为包装中甲虫的数量,EO驱避性被评估为包装中和纸板中的甲虫数量。与将产品直接放置在地板表面相比,将未经处理的包装放置在未经处理的托盘和垫片上可减少两种物种对包装的侵扰。用佛手柑油处理包装套件的各个部分(即食品包装、托盘和纸板隔板)具有显着的驱避活性,这对于S. granarius而言通常比T. confusum更明显与包装或纸板隔板处理相比,木托盘处理对受试害虫具有更大和更长(即 24 小时)的驱虫效果。结果表明,用精油处理包装组的某些部件(如托盘和纸板隔板)可能使处理初级食品/商品包装变得不必要。这可能对在工业条件下使用和接受精油作为驱虫剂产生深远的影响,因为生产商可能会担心 EO 从初级包装迁移到食品。此外,本研究中提出的小型化包装模型允许在有限空间内的大型化验中进行有效的 EO 驱避剂测试(例如,本实验中使用了 360 个小型化模型托盘,测试这一体积的实际欧式托盘需要 346 m2)。

更新日期:2021-09-12
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