The macromolecular concentrations and compositions of phytoplankton are crucial for the growth or nutritional structure of higher trophic levels through the food web in the ecosystem. To understand variations in macromolecular contents of phytoplankton, we investigated the macromolecular components of phytoplankton and analyzed their spatial pattern on the Chukchi Shelf and the Canada Basin. The carbohydrate (CHO) concentrations on the Chukchi Shelf and the Canada Basin were 50.4–480.8 μg L⁻¹ and 35.2–90.1 μg L⁻¹, whereas the lipids (LIP) concentrations were 23.7–330.5 μg L⁻¹ and 11.7–65.6 μg L⁻¹, respectively. The protein (PRT) concentrations were 25.3–258.5 μg L⁻¹ on the Chukchi Shelf and 2.4–35.1 μg L⁻¹ in the Canada Basin. CHO were the predominant macromolecules, accounting for 42.6% on the Chukchi Shelf and 60.5% in the Canada Basin. LIP and PRT contributed to 29.7% and 27.7% of total macromolecular composition on the Chukchi Shelf and 30.8% and 8.7% in the Canada Basin, respectively. Low PRT concentration and composition in the Canada Basin might be a result from the severe nutrient-deficient conditions during phytoplankton growth. The calculated food material concentrations were 307.8 and 98.9 μg L⁻¹, and the average calorie contents of phytoplankton were 1.9 and 0.6 kcal m⁻³ for the Chukchi Shelf and the Canada Basin, respectively, which indicates the phytoplankton on the Chukchi Shelf could provide the large quantity of food material and high calories to the higher trophic levels. Overall, our results highlight that the biochemical compositions of phytoplankton are considerably different in the regions of the Arctic Ocean. More studies on the changes in the biochemical compositions of phytoplankton are still required under future environmental changes.

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北冰洋浮游植物大分子组成的空间格局

浮游植物的大分子浓度和组成对于通过生态系统中食物网的更高营养级的生长或营养结构至关重要。为了了解浮游植物大分子含量的变化，我们研究了浮游植物的大分子成分，并分析了它们在楚科奇陆架和加拿大盆地的空间格局。楚科奇大陆架和加拿大盆地的碳水化合物 (CHO) 浓度为 50.4-480.8 μg L ^-1和 35.2-90.1 μg L ^-1，而脂质 (LIP) 浓度为 23.7-330.5 μg L ^-1和 11.7-65.6分别为μg L ^-1。Chukchi Shelf 上的蛋白质 (PRT) 浓度为 25.3–258.5 μg L ^-1和 2.4–35.1 μg L^-1在加拿大盆地。CHO 是主要的大分子，在楚科奇陆架上占 42.6%，在加拿大盆地占 60.5%。LIP 和 PRT 分别占楚科奇陆架总大分子组成的 29.7% 和 27.7%，分别占加拿大盆地的 30.8% 和 8.7%。加拿大盆地的低 PRT 浓度和成分可能是浮游植物生长期间严重缺乏营养的结果。计算出的食物材料浓度分别为 307.8 和 98.9 μg L ^-1，浮游植物的平均卡路里含量分别为 1.9 和 0.6 kcal m ^-3分别为楚科奇陆架和加拿大盆地，表明楚科奇陆架上的浮游植物可以为较高的营养级提供大量的食物原料和高热量。总体而言，我们的结果强调，浮游植物的生化成分在北冰洋地区有很大不同。在未来的环境变化下，仍需要对浮游植物生化成分的变化进行更多的研究。