This review looks at the different approaches, techniques, and materials devoted to DNA studies. In the past few decades, DNA nanotechnology, micro-fabrication, imaging, and spectroscopies have been tailored and combined for a broad range of medical-oriented applications. The continuous advancements in miniaturization of the devices, as well as the continuous need to study biological material structures and interactions, down to single molecules, have increase the interdisciplinarity of emerging technologies. In the following paragraphs, we will focus on recent sensing approaches, with a particular effort attributed to cutting-edge techniques for structural and mechanical studies of nucleic acids.

中文翻译：

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DNA 研究：最新的光谱和结构方法

本综述着眼于用于 DNA 研究的不同方法、技术和材料。在过去的几十年里，DNA 纳米技术、微制造、成像和光谱学已经为广泛的医学应用量身定制和组合。设备小型化的不断进步，以及研究生物材料结构和相互作用的持续需求，直到单个分子，增加了新兴技术的跨学科性。在下面的段落中，我们将重点介绍最近的传感方法，特别是对核酸结构和力学研究的前沿技术。