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On the silver jubilee of crustacean antimicrobial peptides
Reviews in Aquaculture ( IF 10.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-12 , DOI: 10.1111/raq.12614
Gabriel Machado Matos 1 , Rafael Diego Rosa 1
Affiliation  

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are widely distributed effector molecules that provide a first line of defence for organisms that lack adaptive immunity, such as crustaceans. They also represent bioactive molecules with great potential as therapeutic agents in aquaculture and biomedicine. Over the last years, an intensive research effort has been devoted to the identification and characterisation of antimicrobials in crustaceans resulting in the recognition of twelve gene-encoded AMP families to date. In addition to classical linear and multi-domain AMPs, crustaceans also rely on the production of unconventional ones, such as lysozymes and AMPs encrypted in large proteins carrying nonimmune functions. Besides their molecular and functional diversity, crustaceans have a particular AMP repertoire usually composed of diverse multigene families of taxonomically restricted peptides/polypeptides. In fact, only a few families of AMPs are shared between crustaceans and their close arthropod relatives. This review celebrates the silver jubilee of the discovery of the first crustacean AMPs and presents an updated and comprehensive overview in terms of structure, diversity and biological properties, emphasising their role in immune responses and in host-microbe interactions. We also discuss the main progress achieved so far and major challenges remaining.

中文翻译:

关于甲壳类抗菌肽银禧

抗菌肽 (AMP) 是广泛分布的效应分子,可为甲壳类动物等缺乏适应性免疫的生物体提供第一道防线。它们还代表生物活性在水产养殖和生物医学中作为治疗剂具有巨大潜力的分子。在过去的几年里,一项深入的研究工作一直致力于甲壳类动物中抗菌素的鉴定和表征,从而导致迄今为止识别出 12 个基因编码的 AMP 家族。除了经典的线性和多域 AMP 之外,甲壳类动物还依赖于非常规的 AMP 的生产,例如溶菌酶和在携带非免疫功能的大蛋白质中加密的 AMP。除了分子和功能多样性外,甲壳类动物还具有特定的 AMP 库,通常由分类学限制肽/多肽的不同多基因家族组成。事实上,甲壳类动物及其近亲节肢动物之间只有少数 AMP 家族共有。这篇综述庆祝了第一个甲壳类 AMP 发现的银禧,并在结构、多样性和生物学特性方面提供了更新和全面的概述,强调了它们在免疫反应和宿主-微生物相互作用中的作用。我们还讨论了迄今为止取得的主要进展和仍然存在的主要挑战。
更新日期:2021-09-12
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