Are contemporary higher-status tastes inclusive, exclusive, or both? Recent work suggests that the answer likely is both. And yet, little is known concerning how configurations of such tastes are learned, upheld, and expressed without contradiction. We resolve this puzzle by showing the affordances of different levels of culture (i.e., genres and objects) in the expression of tastes. We rely on original survey data to show that people of higher status taste differently at different levels of culture: more inclusively for genres and more exclusively for objects. Inclusivity at the level of genres is fostered through familial socialization, and exclusivity at the level of objects is fostered through formal schooling. Individuals’ taste configurations are mirrored in and presumably reinforce their adult social-structural positions. The results have important implications for understanding the subtle maintenance of status in an increasingly diverse and putatively meritocratic society.

中文翻译：

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流派、对象和高级品味的当代表达

当代较高地位的品味是包容性的、排他性的，还是两者兼而有之？最近的工作表明，答案可能是两者兼而有之。然而，人们对如何毫无矛盾地学习、维护和表达这种品味的配置知之甚少。我们通过展示品味表达中不同文化层次（即流派和对象）的可供性来解决这个难题。我们依靠原始调查数据表明，地位较高的人在不同文化水平上的品味不同：对流派更包容，对物品更专一。体裁层面的包容性是通过家庭社会化来培养的，而客体层面的排他性是通过正规学校教育来培养的。个人的品味配置反映并可能加强了他们成人的社会结构地位。