Abstract

Fatty acids are among the most important components of many biological systems and have been highlighted in many research fields in recent decades. In the food industry, it is important to check the amount and types of fatty acids in edible oils, beverages and other foods products, and checking the fatty acids parameters are among the quality control parameters for those products. In medical applications, investigation of fatty acids in biological samples and comparing imbalances in them can help to diagnose some diseases. On the other hand, the development of cell factories for the production of biofuels and other valuable chemicals requires the accurate analysis of fatty acids, which serve as precursors in development of those products. As a result, given all these different applications of fatty acids, rapid and accurate methods for characterization and quantification of fatty acids are essential. In recent years, various methods for the analysis of fatty acids have been proposed, which according to the specific purpose of the analysis, some of them can be used with consideration of speed, accuracy and cost. In this article, the available methods for the analysis of fatty acids are reviewed with a special emphasis on the analysis of microbial samples to pave the way for more widespread metabolic engineering research.

摘要

脂肪酸是许多生物系统中最重要的组成部分，近几十年来在许多研究领域都受到重视。在食品工业中，重要的是检查食用油、饮料和其他食品中脂肪酸的含量和种类，检查脂肪酸参数是这些产品的质量控制参数之一。在医学应用中，研究生物样品中的脂肪酸并比较其中的不平衡有助于诊断某些疾病。另一方面，用于生产生物燃料和其他有价值化学品的细胞工厂的发展需要对脂肪酸进行准确分析，而脂肪酸是这些产品开发的前体。因此，考虑到脂肪酸的所有这些不同应用，快速和准确的脂肪酸表征和定量方法是必不可少的。近年来，提出了多种分析脂肪酸的方法，根据分析的具体目的，考虑到速度、准确性和成本，可以使用其中的一些方法。本文回顾了分析脂肪酸的可用方法，特别强调了微生物样品的分析，为更广泛的代谢工程研究铺平了道路。