Transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) is still the gold standard for the diagnosis, treatment, and staging of nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer. En bloc resection of bladder tumor (EBRT) has been recently introduced to overcome the limitations of conventional TURBT. EBRT potential advantages are (1) complete resection, (2) a more precise and controlled resection (potentially fewer complications), (3) better sample orientation for histopathology analysis, (4) presence of detrusor in the specimen, and (5) less tumor seeding on normal urothelium by tumor fragments. This article aimed to present a step-by-step technique of conventional TURBT and EBRT with thulium laser support. We also aimed to provide tips and tricks for a correct surgical procedure and postoperative patient care. Finally, clinical outcomes of TURBT versus EBRT were reviewed.

中文翻译：

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经尿道膀胱肿瘤切除术：电外科和激光。

经尿道膀胱肿瘤切除术 (TURBT) 仍然是非肌层浸润性膀胱癌诊断、治疗和分期的金标准。最近引入了膀胱肿瘤整块切除术 (EBRT)，以克服传统 TURBT 的局限性。EBRT 的潜在优势是 (1) 完全切除，(2) 更精确和可控的切除术（可能并发症更少），(3) 组织病理学分析的样本方向更好，(4) 标本中存在逼尿肌，以及 (5) 更少肿瘤碎片在正常尿路上皮上播种。本文旨在介绍采用铥激光支持的常规 TURBT 和 EBRT 的分步技术。我们还旨在为正确的手术程序和术后患者护理提供提示和技巧。最后，