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Brain Activity Response to Visual Cues for Gait Impairment in Parkinson’s Disease: An EEG Study
Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair ( IF 4.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-10 , DOI: 10.1177/15459683211041317
Samuel Stuart 1, 2, 3 , Johanna Wagner 4 , Scott Makeig 4 , Martina Mancini 3
Affiliation  

Background. Gait impairments are common in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and increase falls risk. Visual cues can improve gait in PD, particularly freezing of gait (FOG), but mechanisms involved in visual cue response are unknown. This study aimed to examine brain activity in response to visual cues in people with PD who do (PD+FOG) and do not report FOG (PD-FOG) and explore relationships between attention, brain activity and gait. Methods. Mobile EEG measured brain activity during gait in 20 healthy older adults and 43 PD participants (n=22 PD+FOG, n=21 PD-FOG). Participants walked for 2-minutes with and without visual cues (transverse lines to step over). We report power spectral density (PSD) in Delta (1-4 Hz), Theta (4-7 Hz), Alpha (8-12 Hz), Beta (14-24 Hz) and Gamma (30-50 Hz) bands within clusters of similarly brain localized independent component sources. Results. PSDs within the parietal and occipital lobes were altered when walking with visual cues in PD, particularly in PD+FOG. Between group, differences suggested that parietal sources in PD, particularly with PD+FOG, had larger activity compared to healthy older adults when walking. Within group, visual cues altered brain activity in PD, particularly in PD+FOG, within visual processing brain regions. In PD participants, brain activity differences with cues correlated with gait improvements, and in PD+FOG those with worse attention required more visual attentional processing (reduced alpha PSD) in the occipital lobe. Conclusions. Visual cues improve gait and influence brain activity during walking in PD, particularly in PD+FOG. Findings may allow development of more effective therapeutics.



中文翻译:

大脑活动对帕金森病步态障碍视觉线索的反应:脑电图研究

背景。步态障碍在帕金森病 (PD) 中很常见,并且会增加跌倒的风险。视觉提示可以改善 PD 的步态,尤其是冻结步态 (FOG),但涉及视觉提示反应的机制尚不清楚。本研究旨在检查有(PD+FOG)和不报告 FOG(PD-FOG)的 PD 患者对视觉线索的大脑活动,并探讨注意力、大脑活动和步态之间的关系。方法. 移动脑电图测量了 20 名健康老年人和 43 名 PD 参与者(n=22 PD+FOG,n=21 PD-FOG)在步态期间的大脑活动。参与者在有和没有视觉提示的情况下步行 2 分钟(横线跨过)。我们报告 Delta (1-4 Hz)、Theta (4-7 Hz)、Alpha (8-12 Hz)、Beta (14-24 Hz) 和 Gamma (30-50 Hz) 波段内的功率谱密度 (PSD)类似大脑定位的独立成分源的集群。结果. 在 PD 中,尤其是在 PD+FOG 中,在视觉提示下行走时,顶叶和枕叶内的 PSDs 发生了改变。组间差异表明,与健康老年人相比,PD 的顶叶来源,尤其是 PD+FOG 的患者,在行走时具有更大的活动。在组内,视觉线索改变了 PD 中的大脑活动,特别是在 PD+FOG 中,在视觉处理大脑区域内。在 PD 参与者中,带有线索的大脑活动差异与步态改善相关,而在 PD+FOG 中,那些注意力较差的人需要在枕叶进行更多的视觉注意力处理(降低 alpha PSD)。结论。视觉提示可改善 PD 患者的步态并影响大脑活动,尤其是在 PD+FOG 患者中。研究结果可能有助于开发更有效的治疗方法。

更新日期:2021-09-10
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