A key parameter for the design of soil drainage and irrigation facilities and for the modelling of surface runoff and erosion phenomena in land-formed areas is the saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks). There are many methods for determining its value. In situ and laboratory measurements are commonly regarded as the most accurate and direct methods; however, they are costly and time-consuming. Alternatives can be found in the increasingly popular models of pedotransfer functions (PTFs), which can be used for rapid determination of soil hydrophysical parameters. This study presents an analysis of the Ks values obtained from in situ measurements conducted using a double-ring infiltrometer (DRI). The measurements were conducted using a laboratory permeability meter (LPM) and were estimated using five PTFs in the Rosetta program, based on easily accessible input data, i.e., the soil type, content of various grain sizes in %, density, and water content at 2.5 and 4.2 pF, respectively. The degrees of matching between the results from the PTF models and the values obtained from the in situ and laboratory measurements were investigated based on the root-mean-square deviation (RMSD), Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), and determination coefficient (R2). The statistical relationships between the tested variables tested were confirmed using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient (rho). Data analysis showed that in situ measurements of Ks were only significantly correlated with the laboratory tests conducted on intact samples; the values obtained in situ were much higher. The high sensitivity of Ks to biotic and abiotic factors, especially in the upper soil horizons, did not allow for a satisfactory match between the values from the in situ measurements and those obtained from the PTFs. In contrast, the laboratory measurements, showed a significant correlation with the Ks values, as estimated by the models PTF-2 to PTF-5; the best match was found for PTF-2.

中文翻译：

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在 Rosetta 模型中使用 Pedotransfer 函数来确定可耕土壤的饱和导水率 (Ks)：案例研究

土壤排水和灌溉设施设计以及地表径流和侵蚀现象建模的一个关键参数是饱和导水率 (Ks)。有许多方法可以确定其价值。原位和实验室测量通常被认为是最准确和直接的方法；然而，它们既昂贵又耗时。在越来越流行的土壤传递函数 (PTF) 模型中可以找到替代方案，该模型可用于快速确定土壤水物理参数。本研究对使用双环渗透计 (DRI) 进行的原位测量获得的 Ks 值进行了分析。测量是使用实验室渗透仪 (LPM) 进行的，并使用 Rosetta 计划中的五个 PTF 进行估计，基于易于获取的输入数据，即土壤类型、各种粒度的含量（%）、密度以及分别为 2.5 和 4.2 pF 的含水量。基于均方根偏差，研究了 PTF 模型结果与原位和实验室测量值之间的匹配程度（RMSD )、纳什-萨特克利夫效率 ( NSE ) 和决定系数 (R2)。使用斯皮尔曼等级相关系数 (rho) 确认测试变量之间的统计关系。数据分析表明，Ks 的原位测量仅与对完整样品进行的实验室测试显着相关；现场获得的值要高得多。Ks 对生物和非生物因素的高度敏感性，特别是在上层土壤中，不允许原位测量值与从 PTF 获得的值之间令人满意的匹配。相比之下，实验室测量显示与 Ks 值显着相关，正如模型 PTF-2 到 PTF-5 所估计的那样；找到了 PTF-2 的最佳匹配。