Lower Shiwalik foothill ranges (Kandi regions) are dominated by different land use systems, varying in fertility status due to soil erosion owing to undulating topographical features. For assessment of soil nutrient status of study area, the soil sampling was conducted to investigate the variation in micronutrient status and physicochemical characteristics of soil. Long-range basis soil sampling was carried out in 11 blocks falling in the entire Shiwalik ranges of lower Himalaya under different land use systems (LUSs), viz., agriculture (AG), horticulture (HR), agri-horticulture (AH), grassland (GL), and agroforestry (AF) systems. A total of 440 soil samples were collected from two depths (0–15, 15–30 cm) for analysis. The results had reported that the soils were slightly acidic to slightly alkaline (6.61 to 8.10) in the whole range. Soil organic carbon (SOC) was found to be varying from very low to very high (2.43 to 10.43 g kg⁻¹). DTPA-extractable Fe and Mn were found to be in dominant concentrations in the soils whereas, the deficiency of Zn was found under all existing land uses. Interestingly, Fe (r = 0.62*), Cu (r = 0.44), and Mn (r = 0.35) micronutrients were positively correlated with clay content whereas Zn (r = − 0.02) was negatively correlated. Soil quality based on principal component analysis (SQI-PCA) reported clay, SOC, and Zn are major dominating parameters to be considered of soil in Shiwalik ranges.

下Shiwalik山麓山脉（Kandi地区）由不同的土地利用系统主导，由于起伏的地形特征导致土壤侵蚀，肥力状况各不相同。为评估研究区土壤养分状况，进行土壤取样以研究土壤微量养分状况和理化特征的变化。对整个石瓦力克落下的11个地块进行了长程基础土壤采样不同土地利用系统 (LUS) 下的低喜马拉雅山脉范围，即农业 (AG)、园艺 (HR)、农业园艺 (AH)、草地 (GL) 和农林业 (AF) 系统。从两个深度（0-15、15-30 cm）收集了总共440个土壤样品进行分析。结果表明，土壤在整个范围内呈微酸性至微碱性（6.61 至 8.10）。发现土壤有机碳 (SOC) 从非常低到非常高（2.43 至 10.43 g kg ^-1）变化。发现 DTPA 可提取的 Fe 和 Mn 在土壤中占主导地位，而在所有现有土地利用中都发现 Zn 缺乏。有趣的是，Fe ( r = 0.62*)、Cu ( r = 0.44) 和 Mn ( r= 0.35) 微量营养素与粘土含量呈正相关，而 Zn ( r = − 0.02) 呈负相关。基于主成分分析 (SQI-PCA) 的土壤质量报告粘土、SOC 和 Zn 是 Shiwalik 范围内土壤需要考虑的主要主要参数。