In this paper, two types of porous clay heterostructures were proposed as drug delivery systems for loading of methotrexate (MTX), an antitumor drug used to treat a wide range of diseases. The inorganic porous heterostructured materials, characterized by different textural properties, morphologies and structural properties were synthesized using a montmorillonite as starting clay in which silica precursor was polymerized in various conditions. The properties of porous materials were evaluated by various techniques (FTIR, XPS, XRD, elemental analysis, zeta potential, TEM, BET analysis and UV-VIS). BET results suggested that these materials exhibit superior textural properties than starting clay used in the synthesis. The drug encapsulation efficiency of inorganic hosts was influenced by the textural properties. TEM and XRD analysis indicated that the inorganic hosts were characterized by a highly intercalated-exfoliated structures. The prepared MTX delivery systems were characterized by different drug release profiles that are strongly influenced by the PCHs properties. The proposed inorganic hosts are opening the path for a new type of drug delivery systems. The high encapsulation efficiency, textural and structural properties recommend these types of materials as a potential nanostructured host for methotrexate drug.

在本文中，提出了两种类型的多孔粘土异质结构作为用于装载甲氨蝶呤 (MTX) 的药物递送系统，MTX 是一种用于治疗多种疾病的抗肿瘤药物。使用蒙脱石作为起始粘土，其中二氧化硅前体在各种条件下聚合，合成了具有不同质地特性、形态和结构特性的无机多孔异质结构材料。通过各种技术（FTIR、XPS、XRD、元素分析、zeta 电位、TEM、BET 分析和 UV-VIS）评估多孔材料的性能。BET 结果表明，这些材料表现出比合成中使用的起始粘土更好的质地特性。无机主体的药物包封效率受质构特性的影响。TEM 和 XRD 分析表明，无机主体具有高度嵌入-剥离结构。制备的 MTX 递送系统的特征在于受 PCH 特性强烈影响的不同药物释放曲线。提议的无机宿主为新型药物递送系统开辟了道路。高封装效率、质地和结构特性推荐这些类型的材料作为甲氨蝶呤药物的潜在纳米结构主体。