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The landmark Escazú Agreement: An opportunity to integrate democracy, human rights, and transboundary conservation
Conservation Letters ( IF 8.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-10 , DOI: 10.1111/conl.12838
Sofía López‐Cubillos 1, 2, 3 , Lina Muñoz‐Ávila 4 , Leslie A. Roberson 1, 2 , Andrés F. Suárez‐Castro 2, 5 , Jose Manuel Ochoa‐Quintero 5 , Renato Crouzeilles 6, 7, 8 , Eduardo Gallo‐Cajiao 9 , Jonathan Rhodes 1, 2 , Wolfram Dressler 10 , María José Martinez‐Harms 11, 12 , Rebecca K. Runting 10
Affiliation  

Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) is one of the world's most biodiverse regions, but this diversity is threatened by the overexploitation of natural resources and internal social conflicts. In 2018, 33 LAC countries were invited to sign and ratify the landmark Escazú Agreement, which is the first legally binding environmental agreement to explicitly integrate human rights with environmental matters. The agreement outlines an approach to enhance the protection of environmental defenders, increase public participation in environmental decision-making, and foster cooperation among countries for biodiversity conservation. However, clear mechanisms to implement the ideals of the Agreement are currently lacking. We identify the key provisions of the Agreement and link these to tangible mechanisms which aim to integrate human rights and nature conservation. These mechanisms include technological (e.g., free online data), human-based (e.g., legal advice from multidisciplinary teams), and nature-based solutions (e.g., transboundary species management). As environmental assets––and threats to them––span national boundaries, the collaborative and participatory provisions of the agreement could catalyze coordinated transboundary environmental management. Because of the importance of this Agreement for the LAC region, we added a Spanish version of this manuscript in the Supplementary Material (versión del artículo en español en el material suplementario).

中文翻译:

具有里程碑意义的埃斯卡苏协议:一个整合民主、人权和跨界保护的机会

拉丁美洲和加勒比 (LAC) 是世界上生物多样性最丰富的地区之一,但这种多样性受到自然资源过度开发和内部社会冲突的威胁。2018 年,33 个拉丁美洲和加勒比国家受邀签署并批准了具有里程碑意义的埃斯卡苏协定,这是第一个明确将人权与环境事务相结合的具有法律约束力的环境协定。该协议概述了加强对环境捍卫者的保护、增加公众对环境决策的参与以及促进各国在生物多样性保护方面的合作的方法。然而,目前缺乏实施该协议理想的明确机制。我们确定了协议的关键条款,并将这些条款与旨在整合人权和自然保护的切实机制联系起来。这些机制包括技术(例如,免费在线数据)、基于人的(例如,来自多学科团队的法律建议)和基于自然的解决方案(例如,跨界物种管理)。由于环境资产——以及对它们的威胁——跨越国界,该协议的协作和参与性条款可以促进协调的跨界环境管理。由于本协议对拉丁美洲和加勒比地区的重要性,我们在补充材料中添加了该手稿的西班牙文版本(版本德尔阿蒂库洛 en español en el material suplementario)。多学科团队的法律建议)和基于自然的解决方案(例如跨界物种管理)。由于环境资产——以及对它们的威胁——跨越国界,该协议的协作和参与性条款可以促进协调的跨界环境管理。由于本协议对拉丁美洲和加勒比地区的重要性,我们在补充材料中添加了该手稿的西班牙文版本(版本德尔阿蒂库洛 en español en el material suplementario)。多学科团队的法律建议)和基于自然的解决方案(例如跨界物种管理)。由于环境资产——以及对它们的威胁——跨越国界,该协议的协作和参与性条款可以促进协调的跨界环境管理。由于本协议对拉丁美洲和加勒比地区的重要性,我们在补充材料中添加了该手稿的西班牙文版本(版本德尔阿蒂库洛 en español en el material suplementario)。
更新日期:2021-09-10
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