In this study, different pretreatments were evaluated for the desalination of seawater by pervaporation using the green silica/PVA membrane. The quality of water samples treated by sand filtration, coagulation, coagulation + sand filtration and microfiltration was analyzed in terms of turbidity, total suspended solids (TSS), conductivity, pH and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD). The most viable pretreatment, based on the effluent quality and process simplicity, was chosen for the desalination process. The green silica/PVA membrane was fabricated with rice husk silica and used in pervaporation at different temperatures, comparing raw and pretreated seawater as feed streams. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the water quality results for the effluents from the different pretreatments, probably due to low concentration of suspended solids in the raw seawater used. Sand filtration was chosen as a pretreatment for desalination due to its simplicity, low cost and high effluent quality. Pervaporation desalination with the effluent of sand filtration (EFS) as the feed stream achieved a permeate flux of 10.6 kg m⁻² h⁻¹ at 60 °C, while with the use of raw seawater (RS) the permeate flux values were 50% lower for all temperatures studied. Total ion rejection was greater than 99.9% at all temperatures, using EFS or RS as feed streams. This study showed that sand filtration was the most appropriate seawater pretreatment of those studied for desalination via pervaporation using the novel green silica/PVA membrane.

在这项研究中，使用绿色二氧化硅/PVA 膜通过渗透蒸发对海水淡化的不同预处理进行了评估。对砂滤、混凝、混凝+砂滤和微滤处理后的水样进行浊度、总悬浮物(TSS)、电导率、pH值和生化需氧量(BOD)等质量分析。基于流出物质量和工艺简单性，最可行的预处理被选择用于脱盐工艺。绿色二氧化硅/PVA 膜是用稻壳二氧化硅制成的，并用于在不同温度下的渗透蒸发，比较原始和预处理的海水作为进料流。不同预处理的出水水质结果无显着差异（p > 0.05），可能是由于所用原海水中悬浮固体的浓度低。砂滤因其简单、成本低和出水质量高而被选作海水淡化的预处理。以砂滤 (EFS) 出水作为进料流的渗透蒸发脱盐实现了 10.6 kg m 的渗透通量^-2 h ^-1在 60 °C 下，而使用原海水 (RS) 时，所有研究温度下的渗透通量值都降低了 50%。使用 EFS 或 RS 作为进料流，在所有温度下的总离子排斥率均大于 99.9%。该研究表明，在使用新型绿色二氧化硅/PVA 膜通过渗透蒸发进行海水淡化的研究中，砂滤是最合适的海水预处理。