Thermoelectric (TE) materials have great potential for waste-energyrecycling and solid-state cooling. Their conversion efficiency has attracted huge attention to the development of TE devices, and largely depends on the thermal and electrical transport properties. Magnetically enhanced thermoelectrics open up the possibility of making thermoelectricity a future leader in sustainable energy development and offer an intriguing platform for both fundamental physics and prospective applications. In this review, state-of-the-art TE materials are summarized from the magnetism point of view, via diagrams of the charges, lattices, orbits and spin degrees of freedom. Our fundamental knowledge of magnetically induced TE effects is discussed. The underlying thermo–electro–magnetic merits are discussed in terms of superparamagnetism- and magnetic-transition-enhanced electron scattering, field-dependent magnetoelectric coupling, and the magnon- and phonon-drag Seebeck effects. After these topics, we finally review several thermal–electronic and spin current-induced TE materials, highlight future possible strategies for further improving ZT, and also give a brief outline of ongoing research challenges and open questions in this nascent field.

热电 (TE) 材料在废物能源回收和固态冷却方面具有巨大潜力。它们的转换效率已经引起了 TE 器件开发的极大关注，并且在很大程度上取决于热和电传输特性。磁增强热电开辟了使热电成为可持续能源发展的未来领导者的可能性，并为基础物理学和潜在应用提供了一个有趣的平台。在这篇综述中，通过电荷、晶格、轨道和自旋自由度的图表，从磁性的角度总结了最先进的 TE 材料。讨论了我们对磁感应 TE 效应的基本知识。从超顺磁性和磁跃迁增强电子散射、场相关磁电耦合以及磁振子和声子阻力塞贝克效应方面讨论了潜在的热-电磁学优点。在这些主题之后，我们最终回顾了几种热电子和自旋电流诱导的 TE 材料，强调了未来进一步改进的可能策略ZT，并简要概述了这个新兴领域正在进行的研究挑战和未解决的问题。