Background

Combined resistance and aerobic training (CT) is the most suitable form of exercise training to simultaneously improve strength and cardiometabolic profile in middle-aged and older adults. Recreational sports (RS) emerge as an alternative to CT to improve these outcomes. We performed a meta-analysis on the effects of RS and CT on systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in middle-aged and older adults and to compare these exercise interventions to a non-exercising control group (CON).

Methods

Search was conducted using the databases at PubMed, COCHRANE and SciELO between July and August 2020. Studies that included men and women aged ≥45 years, healthy or with values for SBP ≥130 mmHg or DBP ≥80 mmHg or with type 2 diabetes and performed RS or CT versus CON.

Results

From 6017 records, 27 studies were included (9 RS and 18 CT). The analysis included 1411 participants with 55 ± 8 years. RS and CT were associated with reductions in SBP (RS: −7.2 mmHg, P = 0.03; CT: −3.6 mmHg, P < 0.001) and DBP (RS: −3.6 mmHg, P = 0.02; CT: −3.1 mmHg, P < 0.001) versus CON. Only CT was associated with a reduction in HbA1c versus CON (−0.47%; P < 0.001).

Conclusions

RS and CT are effective exercise interventions to improve BP in middle-aged and older adults. CT seems to be an excellent strategy to reduce HbA1c, and future studies are necessary to confirm the effectiveness of RS to improve HbA1c.

中文翻译：

---

休闲运动和联合训练对中老年人血压和糖化血红蛋白的影响：荟萃分析的系统评价

背景

抗阻和有氧联合训练 (CT) 是最适合同时提高中老年人力量和心脏代谢特征的运动训练形式。休闲运动 (RS) 作为 CT 的替代品出现以改善这些结果。我们对 RS 和 CT 对中老年人收缩压 (SBP)、舒张压 (DBP) 和糖化血红蛋白 (HbA1c) 的影响进行了荟萃分析，并将这些运动干预与非运动控制组（CON）。

方法

搜索是在 2020 年 7 月至 8 月期间使用 PubMed、COCHRANE 和 SciELO 的数据库进行的。研究包括年龄≥45 岁、健康或 SBP ≥130 mmHg 或 DBP ≥80 mmHg 或患有 2 型糖尿病的男性和女性，并进行了研究RS 或 CT 与 CON。

结果

从 6017 条记录中，纳入了 27 项研究（9 项 RS 和 18 项 CT）。该分析包括 1411 名 55 ± 8 岁的参与者。RS 和 CT 与 SBP（RS：-7.2 mmHg，P  = 0.03；CT：-3.6 mmHg，P  < 0.001）和 DBP（RS：-3.6 mmHg，P  = 0.02；CT：-3.1 mmHg，P < 0.001) 与 CON。只有 CT 与 HbA1c 与 CON 的降低相关（-0.47%；P < 0.001）。

结论

RS和CT是改善中老年人血压的有效运动干预措施。CT 似乎是降低 HbA1c 的极好策略，未来的研究对于确认 RS 改善 HbA1c 的有效性是必要的。