Trichinella spiralis is a major foodborne zoonotic parasitic nematode which has a serious threat to meat food safety. Development of anti-Trichinella vaccine is requisite for control and elimination of Trichinella infection in food animals to ensure meat safety. Aminopeptidase P (TsAPP) and cathepsin X (TsCX) are two novel proteins identified in T. spiralis intestinal infectious L1 larvae (IIL1). The objective of this study was to investigate the protective immunity elicited by immunization with TsAPP and TsCX alone and TsAPP-TsCX in combination in a mouse model. The results demonstrate that subcutaneous vaccination of mice with rTsAPP, rTsCX or rTsAPP + rTsCX elicited a systemic humoral response (high levels of serum IgG, IgG1/IgG2a and IgA) and significant local gut mucosal sIgA responses. The vaccination with rTsAPP, rTsCX or rTsAPP + rTsCX also induced a systemic and local mixed Th1/Th2 response, as demonstrated by clear elevation levels of IFN-γ and IL-4 in vaccinated mice. Vaccination of mice with rTsAPP+rTsCX exhibited a 63.99 % reduction of intestinal adult worms and 68.50% reduction of muscle larva burdens, alleviated inflammation of intestinal mucosal and muscle tissues, and provided a higher immune protection than that of vaccination with rTsAPP or rTsCX alone. The results demonstrated that TsAPP and TsCX might be considered novel candidate target molecules for anti-Trichinella vaccines.

旋毛虫是一种主要的食源性人畜共患病寄生线虫，严重威胁肉类食品安全。开发抗旋毛虫疫苗是控制和消除食用动物旋毛虫感染，确保肉类安全的必要条件。氨肽酶 P (TsAPP) 和组织蛋白酶 X (TsCX) 是在旋毛虫中鉴定的两种新型蛋白质肠道感染性 L1 幼虫 (IIL1)。本研究的目的是在小鼠模型中研究单独使用 TsAPP 和 TsCX 以及结合使用 TsAPP-TsCX 免疫所引起的保护性免疫。结果表明，小鼠皮下接种 rTsAPP、rTsCX 或 rTsAPP + rTsCX 引发全身体液反应（高水平的血清 IgG、IgG1/IgG2a 和 IgA）和显着的局部肠道粘膜 sIgA 反应。接种 rTsAPP、rTsCX 或 rTsAPP + rTsCX 也诱导全身性和局部混合 Th1/Th2 反应，正如接种小鼠中 IFN-γ 和 IL-4 的明显升高水平所证明的。用 rTsAPP+rTsCX 对小鼠进行疫苗接种后，肠道成虫减少了 63.99%，肌肉幼虫负担减少了 68.50%，减轻了肠道粘膜和肌肉组织的炎症，并提供比单独接种 rTsAPP 或 rTsCX 更高的免疫保护。结果表明，TsAPP 和 TsCX 可能被认为是新的候选靶分子，用于抗旋毛虫疫苗。