The aim of the present study was to evaluate the sleep parameters of patients with Cushing syndrome (CS) at the time of diagnosis and 12-months after treatment. Thirty four newly diagnosed patients with endogenous CS (17 with ACTH-secreting pituitary adenoma, 17 with adrenal CS) and 23 controls with similar age were included in the study. Two polysomnography (PSG) recordings were performed; one at the time of diagnosis and the other 12 months after resolution of hypercortisolemia. Control group had only baseline PSG. Based on the PSG findings, stage N2 sleep was found to be prolonged, stage N3 and REM sleep were shortened in patients with CS. Average heart rate and mean Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI) score were higher in patients with CS than the control subjects. Sixteen (47.1%) patients with CS and 4 (17.4%) controls had obstructive sleep apnea (OSA; AHI ≥5). There were no significant differences in sleep parameters of patients according to the etiology of CS (adrenal vs. pituitary) patients. Following 12-months of treatment, a significant decrease in stage N2 sleep and a significant increase in stage N3 sleep were detected, but there was no change in terms of AHI. In conclusion, Cushing syndrome has disturbing effects on sleep structure and these effects are at least partially reversible after treatment. However, the increased risk of OSA was not reversed a year after treatment indicating the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of CS.

中文翻译：

---

库欣综合征与 N2 期睡眠增加和治疗后部分可逆的 SWS 减少有关

本研究的目的是评估库欣综合征 (CS) 患者在诊断时和治疗后 12 个月的睡眠参数。该研究包括 34 名新诊断的内源性 CS 患者（17 名分泌 ACTH 的垂体腺瘤，17 名患有肾上腺 CS）和 23 名年龄相近的对照。进行了两次多导睡眠图（PSG）记录；一个在诊断时，另一个在高皮质醇血症消退后 12 个月。对照组只有基线 PSG。根据 PSG 发现，发现 CS 患者的 N2 期睡眠延长，N3 期和 REM 睡眠缩短。CS 患者的平均心率和平均呼吸暂停低通气指数 (AHI) 评分高于对照组。16 名 (47.1%) 的 CS 患者和 4 名 (17.4%) 的对照组患有阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停 (OSA; AHI ≥5)。根据 CS（肾上腺与垂体）患者的病因，患者的睡眠参数没有显着差异。治疗 12 个月后，检测到 N2 期睡眠显着减少和 N3 期睡眠显着增加，但 AHI 没有变化。总之，库欣综合征对睡眠结构具有干扰性影响，并且这些影响在治疗后至少部分可逆。然而，OSA 增加的风险在治疗一年后并未逆转，这表明早期诊断和治疗 CS 的重要性。检测到 N2 阶段睡眠显着减少和 N3 阶段睡眠显着增加，但 AHI 没有变化。总之，库欣综合征对睡眠结构具有干扰性影响，并且这些影响在治疗后至少部分可逆。然而，OSA 增加的风险在治疗一年后并未逆转，这表明早期诊断和治疗 CS 的重要性。检测到 N2 阶段睡眠显着减少和 N3 阶段睡眠显着增加，但 AHI 没有变化。总之，库欣综合征对睡眠结构具有干扰性影响，并且这些影响在治疗后至少部分可逆。然而，OSA 增加的风险在治疗一年后并未逆转，这表明早期诊断和治疗 CS 的重要性。